tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6831137846284700502024-03-20T08:12:32.138-07:00台灣被壓迫者劇場推展中心Centre of Theatre of the Oppressed, Taiwan (TO中心)Unknownnoreply@blogger.comBlogger232125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-683113784628470050.post-57011682310673800512023-07-07T22:09:00.021-07:002023-07-08T01:18:58.812-07:00舞動生命 。工作坊反思日誌之三<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>生命的故事,帶給自己的省思</b></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><p></p></blockquote><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><a href="http://www.twtulipmov.com.tw/" style="text-align: center;">台灣鬱金香動作障礙關懷協會</a><span style="text-align: center;"> </span>林年玲2023 0320 于花蓮</blockquote><p><br /></p><p>我為什麼來上這個課程又如何的來到這個教室?如何用肢體語言來表達自己想說的話,詮釋自己讓陌生的同學去認識新朋友。</p><p>我們圍坐一圈跟左右同學用打招呼跟收到的手勢、互相傳遞訊息。</p><p></p>走的方向是選擇。我選擇回到過去,或是繼續前進 ?<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjR6qAWvTZiAuZCJUm2lvHy07w_bmNL4QxgiYuYYm1fOKop0hduuc_m8DrBkUkNz8WsLnKPcg4Ibg9l5tUL9bFW-_gGy9tqInDeWEn0l6NABZJpNLim_xTnHdrlMbvlXwGjndHz3tiCdTMaiYGLJ9m9QQ_Sn2duOmccRHro_Bn173c81PoteFTYRHjckQ/s4032/IMG_4963.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3024" data-original-width="4032" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjR6qAWvTZiAuZCJUm2lvHy07w_bmNL4QxgiYuYYm1fOKop0hduuc_m8DrBkUkNz8WsLnKPcg4Ibg9l5tUL9bFW-_gGy9tqInDeWEn0l6NABZJpNLim_xTnHdrlMbvlXwGjndHz3tiCdTMaiYGLJ9m9QQ_Sn2duOmccRHro_Bn173c81PoteFTYRHjckQ/s320/IMG_4963.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">選擇!?</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p></p><p>遇到問題如何表達自己內心的想法。勇敢的站出來面對眾人的眼光。<span></span></p><a name='more'></a><p></p><p>從別人的身上當作一面鏡子、如何去反射自己的心靈與觀照自己無所住而生其心!</p><p>走的遊戲就如同每天忙忙碌碌的在路上行走,忽快忽慢 !稍微暫停一下,看看風景、看看周邊的路人或擦身而過的人、是否打招呼或是對眼示好?打開話匣子是否找到同好?</p><p>在層層疊疊躺在同學的肚子上一起哈哈大笑的共振 ,這種共振是壓力還是歡笑的感染力❤️</p><p>兩人一組合掌配合扭動身體的默契,透過音樂旋律產生的律動,找到輕鬆自在的感覺快樂的活在當下❤️</p><p>當我和同學兩人互相扮演駕駛與汽車 🚘,如何當傳達掌控的指令領導者角色,如何當個接受的配合閉眼者。面對生活上的問題 應對進退要隨遇而安?逆來順受?還是勇往直前!</p><p>最後我們搭著彼此的肩膀圍一個同心圓、互相說聲我愛你💕永遠成為對方生命中的貴人。</p><p></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7Tn5JNSM2GHAL4eTMe2hXdSL2VnAoC1m5b2kXKCFvOYD37t90WNjAzJ81xXxR21tDL6hE5kYxWuOWC8N1q8zp-6S8K7B6IdydjoAV07RC6uPEC7y6PGvNdiHs732ZAOMyoxri-8K4C8wIUWVTLFIic5dFf6IcFXpuI1VD2wL0SWKaqWwfgLz3m2oTGA/s3743/702DB94B-3DFD-4372-B325-5A88B4950E96.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2569" data-original-width="3743" height="220" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7Tn5JNSM2GHAL4eTMe2hXdSL2VnAoC1m5b2kXKCFvOYD37t90WNjAzJ81xXxR21tDL6hE5kYxWuOWC8N1q8zp-6S8K7B6IdydjoAV07RC6uPEC7y6PGvNdiHs732ZAOMyoxri-8K4C8wIUWVTLFIic5dFf6IcFXpuI1VD2wL0SWKaqWwfgLz3m2oTGA/s320/702DB94B-3DFD-4372-B325-5A88B4950E96.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">我們可以!</td></tr></tbody></table>讓彩色的氣球能夠飛上天空自由自在的仰望世界的美好❤️<p></p><p></p><p>「花若盛開 ,蝴蝶自來</p><p> 人若精彩,天自安排」——酒醉蝴蝶Candy<br /></p><p>************************************************</p><p>林年玲2023 0701 于台北</p><p>人生至今一甲子了、歲月常給自己的喜怒哀樂無常变換遇見無數人的擦身而过,</p><p>或是良緣 總觉得一切是最好的安排。</p><p>珍惜眼前美好。感恩惜緣。將自己的內在小孩顧好。</p><p>人生不虛此行。</p><p>探索發現、認識自己雖然只是一場遊戲一場夢!</p>
<p style="margin: 0px;">身體僵硬帶來的不適應!</p><p style="margin: 0px;"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3penUVyBV66RhEUWPVcGe_pu3S2Ozm8j0YAmoqaxoroU94yELOWzNME8Mlp_RXQdkAlDL_HxmsYCSwlTw5rX3rpWBU7HFCAgTcotpUSUx6BLMeB0YDQKYkOs2MxJ3F51cslC4QpSY10tkh0FLe3lyOWliZHEr_s2G8Dit1PENgI74QRWaKVOitOzcxA/s5281/DSC08469.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3656" data-original-width="5281" height="222" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3penUVyBV66RhEUWPVcGe_pu3S2Ozm8j0YAmoqaxoroU94yELOWzNME8Mlp_RXQdkAlDL_HxmsYCSwlTw5rX3rpWBU7HFCAgTcotpUSUx6BLMeB0YDQKYkOs2MxJ3F51cslC4QpSY10tkh0FLe3lyOWliZHEr_s2G8Dit1PENgI74QRWaKVOitOzcxA/s320/DSC08469.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">在遊戲中忘了身體的框限</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p></p><p style="margin: 0px;">但是願意去體驗及探索找到生命的意義 讓自己能夠成為自己的專家。</p><p style="margin: 0px;"><br /></p><p style="margin: 0px;">没有外在的包袱。只有「愛的感動」。</p><p style="margin: 0px;"><br /></p><p style="margin: 0px;">用內心的熱情心靈上的柔軟去改善身體的僵硬。</p><p style="margin: 0px;"><br /></p><p style="margin: 0px;">生命的故事劇場所帶給自己的感動 </p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_Ot0EIe7QfErsOsv-QrYfw3wuvsASYP55asEx8P9NEM11HhdipKG0fGIbTyY7_PpKir893_H6cx8hw4RBBuXZe6E1BgJQawn89OueVVV24HJjCsBrlL_a9I4s0hHt9Udl7wfGGXr2CFEV5q3AjuIj4O-WFCTDdN4NdMyWlDwbA0xLDfws-idlJhr4wQ/s7360/DSC08519.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4912" data-original-width="7360" height="214" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_Ot0EIe7QfErsOsv-QrYfw3wuvsASYP55asEx8P9NEM11HhdipKG0fGIbTyY7_PpKir893_H6cx8hw4RBBuXZe6E1BgJQawn89OueVVV24HJjCsBrlL_a9I4s0hHt9Udl7wfGGXr2CFEV5q3AjuIj4O-WFCTDdN4NdMyWlDwbA0xLDfws-idlJhr4wQ/s320/DSC08519.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">自我覺察與信任的練習</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6y9jO9hymL4qGmrrBpEK_GVxLkxv009nH6DxIM-OLwN7G7zb_J01jpOm29L_HVsUlB9J_rPkNhTyjzZNvl4-GvEy8rKNL42lxMCLsbBFyfpYk6w-DtGEOVATj5xfFDhK2TtTM8J9yuDOQaxMlpgpAPBq72eTkjm81Gkz6JWWmXxoC29wCjYE-r15smw/s7360/DSC08532.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4912" data-original-width="7360" height="214" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6y9jO9hymL4qGmrrBpEK_GVxLkxv009nH6DxIM-OLwN7G7zb_J01jpOm29L_HVsUlB9J_rPkNhTyjzZNvl4-GvEy8rKNL42lxMCLsbBFyfpYk6w-DtGEOVATj5xfFDhK2TtTM8J9yuDOQaxMlpgpAPBq72eTkjm81Gkz6JWWmXxoC29wCjYE-r15smw/s320/DSC08532.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">傾身聆聽夥伴的生命故事</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><br /><p></p><p style="margin: 0px;"><br /></p><p style="margin: 0px;">擁有精彩的美麗人生 </p><p style="margin: 0px;"><br /></p><p style="margin: 0px;">感恩身邊所有的有緣人</p><p><a data-ved="2ahUKEwiOnouTp_n_AhWHplYBHYvOBSQQFnoECA4QAQ" href="http://www.twtulipmov.com.tw/" jsaction="rcuQ6b:npT2md" jscontroller="M9mgyc" jsname="qOiK6e" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=http://www.twtulipmov.com.tw/&ved=2ahUKEwiOnouTp_n_AhWHplYBHYvOBSQQFnoECA4QAQ" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1); background-color: #202124; color: #8ab4f8; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: small; outline: 0px;"></a></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /> <p></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-683113784628470050.post-84944989805263745492023-07-07T02:25:00.007-07:002023-07-08T02:16:51.125-07:00生命故事工作坊日誌之二<blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><p style="text-align: left;"> <span face="新細明體, serif">鬱金香動作關懷協會東區 林憲忠</span></p></blockquote><p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">和身體產生尷尬的距離已有些年了。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">靠著服藥,勉強使生命和身體能維持著有</span><span face="新細明體, serif">點黏又不會太黏的關係。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">一場尋求生命故事的劇場課程,由東區在</span><span lang="EN-US">3/20</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的春風中假花蓮市國興社區</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">大戲登場。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjjhRrcb3lwmgmimwUdDaE7o7yXuVMVuxAFPpOZ9R7lL2DnyeUTyHGNHE8zLlKBvmpYqxFTBaKg56J3RoJn4lRuxjF43zZgstVCjPeqcUQ5NiiPTa4CoNHl8ktPUDMyCGe66HmuVPaZtGEfkcsuPuzisbmdsaUgnQ_Zb-YoGaHls8k8K1K2BMB3FcrXOA" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="4912" data-original-width="7360" height="214" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjjhRrcb3lwmgmimwUdDaE7o7yXuVMVuxAFPpOZ9R7lL2DnyeUTyHGNHE8zLlKBvmpYqxFTBaKg56J3RoJn4lRuxjF43zZgstVCjPeqcUQ5NiiPTa4CoNHl8ktPUDMyCGe66HmuVPaZtGEfkcsuPuzisbmdsaUgnQ_Zb-YoGaHls8k8K1K2BMB3FcrXOA" width="320" /></a></div><br /><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><span></span></span></p><a name='more'></a><span lang="EN-US">14</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">位學員,兩位老師共同為巴友(巴金森之友)的困境,演練著你我他經歷的溫馨與困境。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">一段段小劇目的火花,堆疊出蕩氣迴腸的爆炸性悸動,我們嗨了!</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">當每顆頭躺在巴友的小蠻腰或大肚腩上,在地板上接龍集氣放聲大笑。</span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrKk9-92912FYx9tXY0ppHvpUsrmO3BEw5aAaQt5_IDTwc-237DWVLiBgA9bC2RurOQe3EToEr47RKSmTPhunFEPZKkHXY7UBpV_qEV54KdH2hevq4shojnEQRwsGamNWlKYYAW7eb-IhucE7FAw0_KVPAWBrQLxpyHaQuk7PQcxsv-hUxKDbITLw8gQ/s4032/4FDE4166-2638-46E6-8A0D-A480792C3035.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3024" data-original-width="4032" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrKk9-92912FYx9tXY0ppHvpUsrmO3BEw5aAaQt5_IDTwc-237DWVLiBgA9bC2RurOQe3EToEr47RKSmTPhunFEPZKkHXY7UBpV_qEV54KdH2hevq4shojnEQRwsGamNWlKYYAW7eb-IhucE7FAw0_KVPAWBrQLxpyHaQuk7PQcxsv-hUxKDbITLw8gQ/s320/4FDE4166-2638-46E6-8A0D-A480792C3035.jpg" width="320" /></a></span></div><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br />我們的</span>頭在聲波中躍動,樞紐旋開,多巴胺來了。<p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">一整天密集的活動,讓全身動起來。六小時保持著生命高昂的氣息,為自己帶</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">來一夜好眠</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><br /><p></p><span><!--more--></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-683113784628470050.post-90825002789824452232023-07-06T02:19:00.005-07:002023-07-06T02:22:50.921-07:00在被壓迫者劇場照見鬱金香<p><span face="新細明體, serif">台灣鬱金香動作障礙關懷協會</span>
<span face="新細明體, serif">第六屆理事長</span> <span face="新細明體, serif">黃千秀</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span face="新細明體, serif" style="font-size: large;">壹、與劇場因緣</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><u>當空間遇到劇場</u></span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">走過各式各樣的空間議題,大如城鄉規劃(</span><span lang="EN-US">x x</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">縣綜合發展計劃)小如公園設計(社區動員共同打造</span><span lang="EN-US">-</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">建構一個美好的集體記憶),我作為空間專業者,研究使用者的行為模式,規劃誘發人們的參與式設計,希望將承載人類行為的載體</span><span lang="EN-US">-</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">空間,呈現出有活力</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">能鼓舞人的場所。隨著不同的公共空間釀製過程,引入多元活動實驗測試空間未來可以發展什麼樣的行為?可以長成怎樣?在一場為舊鐵道辦公廳舍的閒置空間再利用研究,我們請到「花天久地」劇團用一人一故事的方式為在場觀眾互動演出分享者的故事;驚艷於劇團魅力開始有意識的接觸劇場活動,看到「被壓迫者劇場」在花蓮帶著一群偏鄉小孩上台的演出,感受到光從孩子的臉上攝出:一種自信、一種我可以、一種我可以創造我的未來…這種感動烙印在我記憶深處。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><u>當生命遇到鬱金香</u></span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">歲月在四季中流轉。為了失智的父親辦理留職停薪返鄉安頓兩老的生活作息,經過一年的磨合,生活漸漸上軌道,卻意外發現我得了帕金森氏症。什麼是帕金森氏症?有位帕友說「我從來沒有出過國,怎麼會得到阿兜啊(老外)的病?」帕金森氏症並非大家所熟悉的疾病,患者的病徵,如面部缺乏表情、行動遲緩、手部不停顫抖等,常被誤解為精神病發的徵兆,社會大眾因而對患者做出抗拒及恐懼的反應</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">⋯⋯</span><span lang="EN-US"> </span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">。從預期要帶領父母走好、走穩生活步調,卻意外看不見自己未來的路何去何從?驚慌、失落,沒有勇氣告訴父母,只好在由失智家屬組成的團體活動,藉由「動物方城市」的動漫,委婉地告訴大家我是電影中的海獺。<span></span></span></p><a name='more'></a><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">該怎麼辦?將如何繼續?我的生命繪本還有什麼可能性嗎?帕金森氏症給了人生很大的停頓「,」,這之後我只能夠接續一連串的問號嗎?我該為自己找出一條路;首先我需要夥伴,於是參加了台灣鬱金香動作障礙關懷協會,走上我的帕友之路。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">你來,在清晨悄悄的來</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">趁晨曦還未照上露台</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">你踏著蹣跚的步履</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">折下一支含苞的鬱金香</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">聽我向你細訴</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">這些日子以來</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">驚慌</span> <span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">不知所措</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">⋯⋯</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">幸而有你陪我一起前行</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">不要問為什麼是我</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">我要走出自己的路</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">為了蹣跚的步履</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">重新努力學走路</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">為了逐漸僵硬的肢體</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">為了抖動失控的身軀</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">為了掉落的聲音</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">我要練習再練習</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">還有還有</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">勇敢說出我是病人不退縮</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">帕金森症帶領我走向生命更深處</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">鬱金香伴我</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">柳暗花明又一村</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">圓滿生命中的你和我</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">台灣鬱金香動作障礙關懷協會於</span><span lang="EN-US">2007</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年成立,由醫護人員參與會務,協助病友在生活、工作和精神上的關懷與支援協助;</span><span lang="EN-US">2019</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年起(第五屆)改由病友及家屬組成理監事,從生活各方面更貼近病友心情。有了夥伴並看到需要,我積極投入會務擔任第五屆常務理事、第六屆理事長,學習「與帕金森共好」,建構「不帕學」:重新整理生命,學習看到更好的自己;自助助人得到價值肯定回饋自身;「我是帕友,我可以做到…」學習叫我們從漆黑的隧道中看到光的出口。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-size: medium;">貳、生命故事帶帕友覺察</span></span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><u>學習</u></span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">我們除了一般性的復健運動,還需要豐富多元的課程活動,尤其針對帕友僵硬的肢體連帶緊繃的身心;劇場的魅力、台上孩童的自信,喚醒記憶,於是聯繫被壓迫者劇場推展中心執行長,請求為帕友開辦</span><span lang="EN-US">-</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">練習用新的方式來觀看事務的解放教育。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFm66D6dcGW8AxKtKXoi9pk63gQYuJjtVWXWBC5c4VB9-XXaK6AbU3UWw_qqqYeM5L146BwkKmANY1gqXUB0l5_Dj9mYknWRy9faeY88rpMMu9lFY0MYvU0QFGG6urVNrhW74stncpIouvlv2JCvTTkL8A0AqoWuxcPtakLULMIlcGEcJLU3Ht0OB25A/s4032/IMG_4960.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3024" data-original-width="4032" height="267" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFm66D6dcGW8AxKtKXoi9pk63gQYuJjtVWXWBC5c4VB9-XXaK6AbU3UWw_qqqYeM5L146BwkKmANY1gqXUB0l5_Dj9mYknWRy9faeY88rpMMu9lFY0MYvU0QFGG6urVNrhW74stncpIouvlv2JCvTTkL8A0AqoWuxcPtakLULMIlcGEcJLU3Ht0OB25A/w320-h267/IMG_4960.JPG" width="320" /></a></div><br /><p class="MsoNormal"><br /></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><u><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">遊戲</span><span lang="EN-US">-</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">用玩的方式引導注意力</span></u><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">劇場老師引導我們藉由幾場高度注意力包括眼睛和耳朵的遊戲練習,達成與他人共振的默契,例如傳遞掌聲(先是跟著領導注意一起擊掌的時間,再來用身體與眼神單向傳遞掌聲,進而展開傳遞掌聲的雙向選擇更專注於接掌聲的當下);默契報數(閉眼聆聽當下的音波震動,從第一位開始報數到最後一位,中間過程不能睜開眼睛、不能有數人同時報數否則遊戲重新開始)在笑聲中練習默契磨合。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">「生命故事運用遊戲解構僵化的身體與腦袋,在歡愉的遊戲中和他人建立互信關係。」</span><span lang="EN-US">A<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><u>非語言式的溝通</u></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><u><br /></u></span></div><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><u><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeh5lIp_ZitWkq-xutG4Xdyn8S2w4WCqaEdt9D2yyNrCwrB7pifkIGXdo4jzM_7FJUCouwNvGDrDlibvL_AVAM_As4WXgLT1HuHNVadQglZrIywVUmrYQJ5ElFjGRXylmIEDmL_B2vVlx0NKyCaZnk9JxITJxjXtcjXnBKZjr-KgIDZrYQEWsRUS9_mg/s4032/IMG_4972.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3024" data-original-width="4032" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeh5lIp_ZitWkq-xutG4Xdyn8S2w4WCqaEdt9D2yyNrCwrB7pifkIGXdo4jzM_7FJUCouwNvGDrDlibvL_AVAM_As4WXgLT1HuHNVadQglZrIywVUmrYQJ5ElFjGRXylmIEDmL_B2vVlx0NKyCaZnk9JxITJxjXtcjXnBKZjr-KgIDZrYQEWsRUS9_mg/s320/IMG_4972.JPG" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div></u></span></div><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><u><br /></u></span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">劇場課程練習破除語言的限制,進行非語言式的溝通,例如在自我介紹時用身體表達出(不能言語)今天出門的情緒、用什麼交通工具怎麼來到這裡的、現在的心情…;用模仿、誇大的方式反映夥伴的自由肢體動作與聲音。這種溝通方式有趣又幽默,原來溝通可以這麼多情趣且具有力量。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><u>覺察練習</u></span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">我們常常習以為常的認為事情就是這樣…幾個劇場遊戲帶領我們回到最初的感覺重新學習覺察,例如在行走間向人訴說自己喜歡的顏色、害怕的事和介紹很棒的自己;又如找一個自己最喜歡的位置坐下來並說明為什麼;以及企鵝搶攤遊戲,無論是扮演企鵝(試圖搶一個位子)或是保衛座位不被攻佔的群眾,過程中心理上演的劇碼:是扮演企鵝的搶位子重於遊戲規則</span><span lang="EN-US">VS</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">遵照遊戲規則慢慢擺動屁股前行</span><span lang="EN-US">-</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">等待適當空位坐下,或是保衛座位的公共責任</span><span lang="EN-US">VS</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">自我保護的觀望,都是很好的覺察練習。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgS4QAoPhMME3MUxFBPYNyjxOBln7_TrNrg4jfyQoNDxMs_OCZ887jWYPocNj_BZdqMyM27AgdfdOliYR9PRHHb2-2YnC3dfO_Z1CpQ2lgNmlfTC-byyrAnkPHwEAh5RPH7O61FjAKVvIkykhGRH0fbRnmqBanGzUFN-rRkXkxPoSyvQiDcWcyhVSXjJg/s7360/DSC08380.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4912" data-original-width="7360" height="214" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgS4QAoPhMME3MUxFBPYNyjxOBln7_TrNrg4jfyQoNDxMs_OCZ887jWYPocNj_BZdqMyM27AgdfdOliYR9PRHHb2-2YnC3dfO_Z1CpQ2lgNmlfTC-byyrAnkPHwEAh5RPH7O61FjAKVvIkykhGRH0fbRnmqBanGzUFN-rRkXkxPoSyvQiDcWcyhVSXjJg/s320/DSC08380.JPG" width="320" /></a></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><u>看到自己的感覺</u></span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">「在我們成長的過程中被要求與他人一致,例如學校的制服、髮型,而社會上的潛規則更是讓多數人不敢逾越的框架。」</span><span lang="EN-US">A<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">從遊戲中提升的注意力,帶領我們感受自己那被壓抑在深處的感覺,重新看到自己,不勉強自己;只有覺察、沒有批判。遊戲後的分享很重要,分組討論在過程中覺察自己當下的情緒,充分地讓每一個人都能訴說,過程中夥伴就是陪伴與聆聽,沒有介入判斷</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">建議(重要的規則)。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">「參與者在集體共創的安全、互信空間中為自己發聲</span><span lang="EN-US">-</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">過程中沒有任何善意的中間人或代言者」</span><span lang="EN-US">A</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">尊重每一個情緒的發生,覺察緊張後面的擔心害怕也是重要的學習。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><u>鏡像學習</u></span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">照鏡子遊戲帶領我們進入一個特殊的學習經驗,在分組操作中輪流由一人領導做動作的演繹其他人如同照鏡子般的反向展演領導的動作,看似容易其實不簡單:左右</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">高低的反向較容易操作,加上前後的三度空間思維反向就常常出錯。從照鏡子遊戲覺察我們所看到的事物(務)常常是受到頭腦揀選後的訊息,而這個訊息又深受我們累積下來的習慣影響。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-size: medium;">叁、夥伴關係和集體力量</span></span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">夥伴關係是生活上極其重要的支撐力,從劇場生活故事工作坊學習到良好的互動建立在聆聽與陪伴,而非善意的介入或代言;而集體共創美好或成功的記憶,可以加強我們的信心與能量去面對未來的挑戰。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><u>清晰的指令,建立彼此默契</u></span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">開車遊戲,兩人一組在人群中穿梭,是否可以來去自如藉著是彼此的默契,而這個默契建立在清晰的指令;不好意思</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">模糊的指令,只會讓夥伴難以捉摸無法前行或轉彎避開危險;清楚的表達自己的意思與覺察自己的安全感是來自於掌控或者信任,以及對他人是否過度的揣摩與擔心,是這個遊戲的學習。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><u>音樂的介入加強共振</u></span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">在劇場課程觀察到適當地引入合適的媒介體有助於相互之間的共振頻率,例如在遊戲中加入「月光邊境」柔美的鋼琴樂聲,兩人一組的合掌肢體探索,變得更柔軟順暢,彼此享受在共振的默契中。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><u><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">創造正面能量的集體記憶,</span><span face="新細明體, serif">重新建構身體廻路</span></u></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">「工作坊是一個獨特,且具爆發力的空間。」</span><span lang="EN-US">A<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">「一場尋求生命故事的劇場課程,</span><span lang="EN-US">14</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">位學員</span><span lang="EN-US">2</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">位老師共同為帕友演練著你我他經歷的困境與溫馨;當每顆頭躺在另一個帕友的小蠻腰或大肚腩上,在地板上接龍集氣放聲大笑,我們的頭在聲波中躍動,堆疊出蕩氣迴腸的爆炸性悸動,我們嗨了!」</span><span lang="EN-US">B<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">而場景雕像則是生命故事中藉由對個人具有特殊意義</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">價值的物件故事所進行的集體創作;透過物件故事在分組中的分享,擇選出一則故事(透過閉眼指出最受感動的故事</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">人),進行非語言的四個劇幕場景雕像,提供觀看者猜猜看訴說的情事,最後再由表演團隊公布答案;整個過程藉由分享訴說到整理排練展演甚至是觀眾的反應回饋,把生命故事中的重要事件重新洗滌、重新覺察、重新整理,演出者和觀看者都有收穫在心中…</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">透過集體力量解放社會潛規則框架的負面壓力,重新建構創造共好的集體記憶,成為未來面對挑戰的創新信念之資料庫。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-size: medium;">肆、回到生活中應用</span></span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><u>情緒來了先覺察:我怎麼了?</u></span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">從戲劇遊戲中學習當情緒來了不要論斷、不要建議、不要勉強,先跳開當事者的身分從第三者的角度重新回顧事件,陪伴自己的情緒聆聽自己內心的聲音;「可以煩惱,但不要越來越煩惱」當念頭起,不壓抑它、不放大它,讓自己的身心沒有障礙處在一個鬆鬆的狀態;解放我們對自己的糾察角色,讓我們有更多的空間與彈性回應外在世界的變化。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><u>身帶位→心到位;心到位→身歸位</u></span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">我們習慣選擇習慣的事務是來自於過去事件累積的記憶,如果我們可以重新建構記憶庫裡的檔案資料,去學習習慣那些不習慣的事務,那麼我們就有可能鬆綁纏繞在我們心裡負面能量的壓迫,而這個壓迫從心裡顯露在外就成了身體上的僵硬。這個學習過程需要在愉悅的氛圍建置不能勉強,就像我們在劇場遊戲上學習的一樣,如果是用勉強的方式反而會受傷;這之間可以揀選合適的媒介體介入協助,例如兩人合掌肢體探索遊戲中的音樂介入。而在日常生活合適的媒介體可能是園藝治療、書寫療癒、「聽身體吟唱」、「帕友繪本讀書會」、「劇場課程</span><span lang="EN-US">-</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">生命故事」</span><span lang="EN-US">C</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,只要找到與自己契合的媒介體,適當的運用借力使力先讓身體(外在)放鬆,進而帶動心裡(內在)的放鬆,當心可以放鬆了,就會回饋身體歸到原來的本質</span><span lang="EN-US">-</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">圓滿的自癒能力。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><u>生活上的鏡像覺察</u></span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">鏡子是一個很奇妙的媒介體讓我在非我處看到我;它不會揀選什麼照出來什麼不照出來,並且具有來則現去則不留的本質;鏡子的「不留」、「不揀選」與「反向鏡射」是我們應用在生活上很好的學習;不留情緒、不揀選</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">不抓取、反向思考,不受過去累積下來的記憶資料庫影響,幫助我們讓生活擁有更多的空間與更多的可能性。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><u>鬆綁:放下不是放棄→回歸生命創造自癒本體</u></span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">鬆綁</span><span lang="EN-US">-</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">放下不是放棄;放下是釋放情緒到沒有情緒可以釋放的境界,放棄是帶著負面情緒做下的決定,這個負面情緒會一輩子跟隨與傷害。生命奧妙鬆緊有度,但是隨著歲月的增長我們從「只要我長大」的年少走入「大江東去浪濤盡」的熟齡,吞下了多少委屈、壓抑了多少情緒,換來一身的緊繃直到麻木了感覺;當我們可以鬆綁</span><span lang="EN-US">-</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">放下,我們就為自己開創一個面對未來有無限能量的驚嘆號「!」</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> </span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">劇場課程</span><span lang="EN-US">-</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">生命故事,在歡愉的遊戲過程中教導我們重新學習</span><span lang="EN-US">-</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">從放鬆開始,讓生命回到原來創造美好、有自癒能力的本體;透過遊戲學習,為黑暗的隧道找到光的出口,期待你我都能夠開展無限可能的美好旅程!</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhftFPe1_9dLWrhIa_oqphHmt4qHUC60_2IJtEZzR_HNdGFGmF1zK5JTkhVjqiOJZ2V4RTQnw2WCqPgM_JSfWx4m34Pl-2oWk6KtEwse1GXp7WAVQurJQutzC5zppmBnGDJ8MNITTbxkwtdo2gfaMAbklPuzquBYVMmzkoNask10C1NGEMjh5wv8TNIHw/s7360/DSC08387.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4912" data-original-width="7360" height="214" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhftFPe1_9dLWrhIa_oqphHmt4qHUC60_2IJtEZzR_HNdGFGmF1zK5JTkhVjqiOJZ2V4RTQnw2WCqPgM_JSfWx4m34Pl-2oWk6KtEwse1GXp7WAVQurJQutzC5zppmBnGDJ8MNITTbxkwtdo2gfaMAbklPuzquBYVMmzkoNask10C1NGEMjh5wv8TNIHw/s320/DSC08387.JPG" width="320" /></a></div><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span><p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">備注:</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">「」</span><span lang="EN-US">A</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">資料來源:生命故事工作坊課程說明</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">「」</span><span lang="EN-US">B</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">資料來源:參與工作坊帕友記錄</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">「」</span><span lang="EN-US">C</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">台灣鬱金香動作障礙關懷協會課程;線上課程</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">聽身體吟唱</span><span lang="EN-US">-</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">強調只有在身體舒服的時候才能夠唱出好聲音;線上課程</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">帕友繪本讀書會</span><span lang="EN-US">-</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">鼓勵帕友朗誦文本、觀察繪本細節,分享生命經驗與探索覺察;實體課程</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">劇場課程</span><span lang="EN-US">-</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">生命故事,強調覺察與解放如本文所述。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-683113784628470050.post-29799090426207763262023-05-04T20:47:00.000-07:002023-07-05T22:18:01.750-07:00慢慢來,比較快 ——被壓迫者劇場中的女性主義轉化<span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> </span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">文/梅若 2015/5/10</span><br />
<span face=""新細明體",serif" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span>
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<span lang="EN-US">24</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">歲</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">前,我</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">對</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">我的未來</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">職業</span><span style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">的</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">選擇</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">有各種想像,</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">可能會是編輯,或許是律師,但更多的時候是迷茫</span><span style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">的</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">,難以設想自己的未來</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">…</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">相信很多女性和我一樣,從未認真審視過自己的人生。上學,結婚、生子</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">…</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">,在日常細碎的生活中過完一生。可是我知道,這並不是我們的錯。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><u><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">認識萬老師</span></u></b><b><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"> </span></u></b><b><u><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">,看見劇場</span></u></b><b><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">2004</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年底,伴隨著國</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: 微軟正黑體; mso-bidi-font-family: 微軟正黑體; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: 微軟正黑體;">內</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "MS Mincho"; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Mincho"; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: "MS Mincho";">青年教育和自然教育的</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">興</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">起</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">發展,戲劇作為一種具有充分參與和體驗的教育手法被不少公益團體所青睞,而我當時服務的機構正在開展青年人發展工作,戲劇就成為最重要的工具,我也開始更多實踐戲劇的機會,和青年人互動。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: Cambria; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">我第一次</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">結識萬老師(以下簡稱C)</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"> </span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">,是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">2006</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">年她受天下溪梁曉燕的邀請協作大學生夏令營,我以助教名義協助劇場工作坊。那時,我第一次見識被壓迫者劇場。說實話,並沒有太多的覺察,只覺得是一些簡單的劇場儀式和結構,而這些在我過去的經驗中,都曾經被反復的使用。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">而與此同時,我也因工作緣由,不斷獲得各種國外教育戲劇大師工作坊培訓機會,探索並學習了各類戲劇形式,教育劇場、嚴肅喜劇、面具劇場、一人一故事等等。這些劇場學習,也讓國內青年協作者有了不斷探索的空間,他們在不同地方實踐這些劇場經驗,發展出不少本土的劇場基礎,服務到各類團體。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">但是,我也開始意識到劇場手法只是我們的工具,它應該為內容服務,而絕非讓協作者淪為教育工具的奴隸。而我便如孤獨的行者,找不到方向,直覺中我深信自己的看法,可是我很難有能力去闡述清楚和說服他人。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">2007</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">年,應是我人生中特別重要的一年,那時,我已經在原來的機構服務了三年,青年人教育的工作我也有在不斷探索,但是深感已經進入了一個巨大的瓶頸難以突破。戲劇體驗方式確實會讓青年人參與反思,但是青年人的行動總是難以看見</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">;</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">我深感無望。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">這時我的個人生活也出現了巨大的危機,陷入困境。我畢業後就和我的丈夫辦了儀式婚禮,可是我並沒有想清楚為什麼要和他結婚,家庭的壓力要求我不能婚前同居,結婚是對所有人都好的決定。我沒有任何反抗,雖覺得不適,可不知道還有什麼更好的選擇。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">為了保持我內在的反抗,我一直拒絕去領結婚證,我不知道在這微弱的抗爭中是否為了保存一些力量,但是生活和周遭的處境讓我深感在無形的壓迫中無處逃遁。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">我以為儀式婚姻可以讓我的處境會好轉一些,然而作為一個女性在社會中的責任還沒有完成,接下來等待我的就是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">——</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">懷孕生子。不知道我有多怕,我和很多人一樣,在成長的經歷中沒有人教導你去學習怎麼生活,甚至處理親密關係,以及如何準備好養育一個生命,而城市化也讓青年人流動遷移得早已失去了原有社區的支持,幾乎所有的事情都需要個人去處理。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">那時,我才工作三年,我對自己所從事的工作充滿了好奇和期待,我是一個被學校/家庭規訓成一個乖乖女,而社團和<span style="font-family: SimSun;">NGO</span></span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">的工作對我來說是改變我生命的關鍵,我開始不滿足於自己的生活狀態,希望尋找自我解救的道路,但是我不知道要怎麼辦?沒有人來告訴我。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">當我猶豫地把準備懷孕生子的想法告訴機構負責人,她說:如果你要生產一定沒有精力來處理好這個項目,那就交給另外一個同事來設計。而我需轉為兼職工作者。雖然我覺得不舒服,可是還是接受了;我當時並不清楚,我正遭遇不公平的待遇。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">當我確認懷孕時,我努力把全職的工作儘量完成</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">,</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">然後可以開始休假。然而在一次工作返回辦公室的路上,我發現自己出血,於是跑到醫院,<span style="font-family: SimSun;">B</span></span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">超檢查結果是:胎兒停育。做了流產手術在家休息了一周,我開始重新思考我要過怎樣的人生。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<u><b><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">再見</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">C </span></b><b><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">,不忘初心</span></b></u><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">2007</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">年夏天,孩子沒了,全職工作停止了,在一位朋友的協助下,我申請去香港參加為期兩周的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">“</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">第六屆國際戲劇</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">/</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">劇場與教育聯盟</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">(IDEA)</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">大會</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">”</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">。那個階段應該是我人生最灰暗的時候,因為不清楚自己要去向哪裡?我每天參加各種論壇研討活動,或者去參加劇場工作坊,見識到好多劇場大師的協作。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">除此之外,就是去看不同的劇場演出。其中一齣劇的片段到現在都還記憶猶新。智利默劇演出一個家庭遭遇外族入侵,年輕母親抬起已被摔死的孩子身體的瞬間,我覺得自己快要碎掉了。那個孩子其實只是個布娃娃,母親扶著他的後頸,晃動他的身體,那個失去了生命體征的脖頸總是難以支持,不斷被扶起,又掉下,那個無聲的畫面我至今難以忘記。而她望向觀眾的眼神,似乎在說這一切的苦難不只是她的,是所有人的。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">我開始理解女性身體和記憶裡隱藏的創傷,在宏大的敘事中沒有她們的身影,而是被遮蔽,隱藏和淹沒,很少有機會得以呈現。在大會上二次遇到C</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"> </span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">和她先生郭老師,第一次那麼深入的聆聽關於被壓迫者劇場的哲學理論,聽他們的關係和成長脈絡。回照自己的經驗,看到女性的束縛和困頓是在怎樣的結構性社會系統中,難以解放。我也才發現,劇場是為了讓人們可以有一個集體練習和發現自己潛能的空間,不斷練習透過身體的舒展和解放去探索個人內心的解放;甚至產生行動。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;"><u>打破框框,重建生命</u></span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">對於多數婦女來說,要探索怎麼賦權,更重要的意義不在於告訴她,妳有多少能量,而是真正去審視婦女在權力結構中的處境。在幾十年的生命成長脈絡裡,因著文化、宗教、經濟、社會環境等等,讓我們發展變成現在的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">“</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">我們</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">”。</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">能看清自己已屬不易,更何況要找到那些失去的能力,必然不是件容易的事。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">我開始更敏感地意識到女性處境的艱難。我在試圖尋找一種自救的方式中,讓更多女性一起來探索、應對這些困境的途徑。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">2011</span><span face=""新細明體",serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: SimSun;">年,我和我的朋友創立了一元公社,為邊緣婦女而設立,也為更多年輕人和婦女提供自我解放的空間。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun; mso-bidi-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0台灣23.69781 120.9605149999999916.2584125 110.6333665 31.137207500000002 131.28766349999998tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-683113784628470050.post-20537036134086884532023-01-23T01:18:00.000-08:002023-07-05T22:18:33.425-07:00在劇場相遇真實的自己劉馥慈 2015/8/4發布<br />
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<span style="font-style: italic;"><span style="color: #990000;"><b>只有那些能誠實─甚至是無情地─檢驗自己真相的人,才會意識到自己最深的感受和動機,然後才能了解他們星盤裡的冥王星有什麼意義。(註1)<br />─ 史蒂芬‧阿若優《占星,業力與轉化》</b></span><span style="font-weight: bold;"></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-weight: bold;">初遇被壓迫者劇場</span><br />
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今年(2011)6月28日至7月22日為期四週,每週三個半天台灣被壓迫者劇場(以下簡稱TO中心)在我所任職的協會(社團法人原住民深耕德瑪汶協會以下簡稱協會)舉辦的被壓迫者劇場工作坊,是我生平第一次接觸劇場。過去,我從未想過和劇場接觸、參與劇場會在我的人生中真實地發生,只曾經幻想若有天可以經歷戲劇人生…<br />
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因為喜歡看電影,有時候可以感同身受進入演員的內心世界,所以幻想有朝一日可以在戲中經歷各種不同的人生情境。另一個理由則是,我渴望能在戲中釋放在現實生活中無法表達的情感和情緒,換句話說,我以為演戲可以做為一種工具,釋放人類在現實生活中無法表達的情感/情緒,即釋放受壓抑的靈魂。<br />
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<span style="font-weight: bold;">從遊戲中探索身體潛能</span> <br />
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正式進入戲劇前的遊戲,一開始就勾起了我的興趣,特別在這個部分有較深刻的體驗和感受。遊戲並不只是遊戲。遊戲除了具有在短時間內打破人際冰山,拉近距離的功能外,我在遊戲中感受最深的是:探索、發現身體潛能。無論是戲劇表演者、舞蹈表演者、歌唱表演者等任何以身體作為媒介的工作者,我以為「身體探索」是基本功。舉例而言,在社區劇場,有一個遊戲是大家圍成一個圓圈,閉上眼睛,拍手,隨意的拍手,也可以拍打身體,然後更進一步,用嘴巴發出聲音,發出任何聲音。起初,我有點膽怯、身體是縮的,但心又想打開,當感覺周圍氣氛愈來愈開時,同時也想著反正大家眼睛閉起來又沒人看見(雖然可能有人會偷偷張開眼睛),就放開玩了起來。<br />
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<span style="font-weight: bold;">放開,是一種能量暢通無阻,身心靈自由自在的流動感。</span><br />
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另一個讓我感受深刻的是七月在新北市被壓迫者劇場的種子培訓玩「掌中世界」。規則是兩人一組,一個人的手掌對著另一個人的臉,打開手掌的人是帶領人,他可以隨意走動,變換姿勢,將手臂拉直伸長或彎曲縮短,或將手掌移動至與地板的高度等等,被帶領者的臉則面對帶領人的手掌大約15公分,跟隨帶領人。隨著帶領人的移動而移動,無論身體變換成任何姿勢,不變的是,被帶領者的臉和帶領人的手掌依舊維持相同的姿勢與距離。<br />
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當我作為一個被帶領人時,臉為了要跟隨帶領者的手掌移動,為了保持全身的平衡與協調,身體必須變換成各種不同的姿勢,有時拉長身子墊腳尖,有時全身側躺在地板上。在移動身體的過程中,透過覺知,體察到我們的身體裡潛藏了許多未開發卻極具力量的能力。因此輪我當帶領者時,我便想嘗試透過我的手帶領對方去探索對方自己的身體。遊戲結束後分享,與我同組的學員說她感覺我的手很有畫面,似乎,她感受到了我想透過手傳達給她的訊息。<br />
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身體,不只是一只保護五臟六腑的容器,從身體探索之中,我們發現了一個認識自己、了解自己的管道。<br />
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<span style="font-weight: bold;">對被壓迫者劇場的困惑</span><br />
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直到與偏見相遇工作坊結束前大家圍成一個圓圈分享心得,我對何謂「被壓迫者劇場」仍感到一團說不清的困惑。參與被壓迫者劇場三個月來有一種混沌又矛盾的心情,之中參雜了在遊戲當中發現的喜悅,但正式進入協會的劇場討論時,又感到無聊、有種事無關己的疏離感和缺乏熱情。但奇怪的是,即使對此感到缺乏熱情,卻還是有股力量推著我繼續參與,雖然是有點被推著走的感覺,畢竟心裡並沒有感到排斥。就在9月20日晚上的劇場表演結束,我以為可能就不會再與劇場有關係時,TO中心提供了協會以色列Peter Harris老師「與偏見相遇工作坊」兩位免費名額訊息,我居然不加思索就決定要參加了(咦,我不是對劇場沒有感到熱情嗎?)。<br />
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<span style="font-weight: bold;">「與偏見相遇」工作坊相遇</span><br />
工作坊結束在捷運站遇到一位正要搭捷運回去的學員,我詢問他對於參加工作坊的想法與感受,他回答的大意是:「覺得在工作坊並不是每一位學員都能表達自己的想法與感受。」我們沒有時間多聊,到公館他就下捷運了。但是他的分享卻解開了三個月來我參與被壓迫者劇場的矛盾與困惑。<br />
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因為主動性和被點燃的興趣,我並沒有覺得自己在工作坊無法表達想法與意見,然而,參與工作坊的過程,某些時刻我覺得無法連結,有一種和自己很遙遠的疏離感。這種疏離感在協會的工作坊時感受特別深,直到演出前幾天參與了「部落磨合中」演出,才覺得自己是其中一員。<br />
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我對被壓迫者劇場的了解還停留在「探索」階段,如同之前,一天活動下來,興致是要熄未熄,未完全燃起的狀態,但又有一股說不出的力量推著我繼續。總感覺被壓迫劇場可能有什麼是我想要且必須要了解的東西,可是在協會工作坊的過程,似乎又沒有碰到「那個東西」。<br />
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直到第一天晚上進行「交換牌卡」和「慾望的彩虹」,加上在捷運裡學員的分享,我的困惑終於解開。我終於明白自己對被壓迫者劇場是有期待的,而那個期待是不是被壓迫者劇場的核心本質,由於我未參閱足夠的關於被壓迫劇場的資料,所以不敢遑論「我終於了解什麼是被壓迫者劇場」。然而,我所期待的是,透過劇場,人們得以演出「自己的故事」或是「我們的故事」。若劇場作為一種表達工具,人與人之間是否能在這過程中展開真誠、平等的對話,以達到真心的相互理解與包容?原來這是當時我潛意識裡所期待的。<br />
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<span style="font-weight: bold;">交換牌卡與慾望的彩虹</span><br />
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這陣子我的心情常處在一種低落狀態,並沒有特別重大的事件,而是這一波低潮揭露了我心中長久以來的空洞感。我心中長久以來一直有一種巨大的空洞感。過去,我向外尋求來填補這個巨大的空洞,但後來意識到這個空洞感就像無底的黑洞一樣,怎麼填也填不滿,才真正明白所有外求的事物永遠也無法填補心中的洞。然而,明白了又如何?我仍然沒有法子修補這一塊無底的黑洞。我所能作的似乎只有接受它的存在、與它共處。但是,那仍然不是令人快樂、舒服的感受。<br />
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五張形容自己的牌卡,當時我的心情陷落在這股巨大的空洞裡。看見每個人show出的牌卡都是正面、積極的,我不禁有點後悔揭露自己心中真實的感受,同時,不禁懷疑大家真的都這麼坦然地面對自己嗎?這令我有點沮喪,有點後悔參加工作坊,真希望能找個理由明天不要來了。這種令人氣餒的疏離感終於在分組「排列對方的牌卡」時拉近了。大家似乎有點驚訝於我的自我揭露,慾望的彩虹演出時,Peter對我說:「You are brave.You touch everyone’s heart.」於是我才了解到,並不是每個人都有勇氣坦然地揭露自己的幽暗。<br />
<br />
其實,對我而言,面對幽暗本是件自然的事,但出社會工作之後,我覺察到自己開始學習在人前掩飾,開始對自己隱藏真實的自己。參加工作坊也才發現,原來有很多人害怕在人群中表現真實的自己。他們在面對「心中真實的感受」與被期望成為一個「符合社會要求的模樣」之間奮力地掙扎。他們其實多麼希望心中的脆弱與受傷能被這個社會包容、接納。而這也是我在面對社會,想像更大的社會時的恐懼,我害怕我的脆弱會讓我被這個社會遺棄。<br />
<br />
<span style="color: #990000; font-size: x-small; font-weight: bold;">因為接納了不完整的自己,我們因而完整了自己。</span><br />
<span style="color: #990000; font-size: x-small; font-weight: bold;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-weight: bold;">劇場,作為一種療癒、轉化的工具</span><br />
<br />
參加工作坊之前閱讀了Peter老師的〈偏見研究:戲劇空間的群組對話〉,摘錄兩段內容:<br />
<span style="font-style: italic;">「我是如何理解、回應、反應、接納或同理那些與我不同的人?. . .N及她的夥伴團隊,在一系列虛構的戲劇角色活動中,了解他們自身與「他者」之間的關係。這層關係使得雙方,從相互懷疑轉換到同理彼此;並於社區公開表演的場合中,通過個人化的台詞,完成整個轉化的過程。」</span><br />
<span style="font-style: italic;"><br /></span>
又,文章結尾寫道:<br />
<span style="font-style: italic;">「相較於戲劇治療及心理劇始於確定治療目標,我認為這個過程具有</span><span style="font-style: italic;">「反向治療」的效果,「美學空間中的跨群體接觸」提供了安全及分層次的過程,</span><span style="font-style: italic;">讓參與者透過運用同理、採取觀點及自我揭露的「舞台」,逐漸找到他或她自己</span><span style="font-style: italic;">的治療方案。」</span><br />
這就是讓我感到興趣的:劇場,如何作為一種自我療癒與轉化的工具。<br />
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<span style="font-weight: bold;">自我揭露的必要與風險</span><br />
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然而,自我揭露是有風險的,不管是對於劇場帶領者或是演員而言。如果一個以轉化、療癒為導向的劇場或工作坊,演員或學員之間未建立充分的信任與真誠關係,自我揭露,或者說「真實地說出自己的生命故事」就不可能發生。無法發自內心真實地說出自己的故事,真正深刻的轉化就不可能完成,心中的傷口就不可能被療癒,它只是被埋藏在心深處的某一個陰暗角落。<br />
<br />
但是,真實地說出生命的故事必然會觸碰到傷痛,觸碰到傷痛有可能會打開潛意識深處的晦暗情緒。我注意到慾望的彩虹表演時,因觸及內心,學員情緒被釋放(例如,有一位學員在奮力拉起一個被許多人壓在底下的一個人時之後,情緒釋放哭了),Peter老師擅用了學員相互支持的力量給予學員安慰,這其實也直接地拉近了人與人之間的距離。在那個時刻隔閡消失了,因為人最真實的情感流露,透露了內心的脆弱和需要被關心、被接納的渴望;而事實上每個人也渴望並且需要成為「給予者」。但這是在工作坊裡,如同Peter老師所言,這是一個安全的環境。那如果在其他場合呢?在一個公開演出的場合,有來自不同社群的觀眾,情<br />
況顯然變複雜,風險也增加了,這時候可能會引起的情緒或衝突就不單來自於演員,然而此時,就是考驗帶領者的危機處理能力與智慧的時刻了。<br />
<br />
<span style="font-weight: bold;">致謝</span><br />
<br />
我很感謝協會的執行秘書Mama建治(註2)、所有工作夥伴們,以及TO中心給予我參與被壓迫者劇場的機會。還有,距離協會「921地震12週年紀念活動」戲劇演出前幾天,擔任撿場又有點身兼統籌角色的尚軒問我要不要參與「部落磨合中」一角。這是我人生中特別的時刻。雖然我在劇場的過程熱情要燃不燃、要熄不熄,但誠實說,劇場總在我的生活和工作中需要一點創新的時刻出現,就像又微微嗅到了新鮮空氣一樣。我也很感謝Peter老師,雖然工作坊只有兩天,但我隱隱感覺到他是個很有經驗和能力的老師。相對於台灣,以色列是個充斥更多衝突的地方,無論是政治、種族衝突等。帶領一群大學生到充斥著犯罪的監獄裡和犯人做劇場互動,想必需要更大的勇氣和危機處理的能力與智慧,當然,還有同理心。<br />
<br />
最後,這是一篇以「真誠」與「誠實」為出發的反思,若「誠實」無意觸碰到人性的隱微,那並非這篇反思的本意。做為一位社區工作者,期許人生志業以身心靈/生命療癒為導向的我而言,這一篇反思,最深的動機是 ─ 希望能展開人與人之間(在此之前,必須先是自己與自己)真誠、平等的對話,以及真心的相互理解與包容。<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
註一:冥王星在占星學裡的意義是人類在面對身心靈轉化成長時,對所遭遇的事件心理對此所應對的態度與了解等等。引用書中一段內容來舉例:「由其是冥王星與太陽或月亮成和相的人,特別有一種與生俱來的對成長與轉化的自然過程的了解。他們理所當然地認為應該放下老舊的模式、敞開心胸去接受新的可能性,但這並不意味他們不會體驗到冥王星帶來的痛苦,他們只是把這份痛苦視為生命必要的經驗罷了。」(占星,業力與轉化,P.129)在本書,作者阿若優時常強調「誠實」,惟有誠實地面對自己,才有可能達成真實深刻的轉化,並且活出生命的最高理想。<br />
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註二:Mama為泰雅語「叔叔」或泛稱男性長輩之意。台灣被壓迫者劇場推展中心http://www.blogger.com/profile/10291369655404492262noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-683113784628470050.post-62605326674532721642022-12-10T19:38:00.000-08:002023-07-05T22:16:59.321-07:00當戲劇發聲 <div><a href=" https://www.oxfam.org.cn/index.php?c=article&id=3599" target="_blank">https://www.oxfam.org.cn/index.php?c=article&id=3599</a></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><div class="title-btn-wrap" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; justify-content: space-between;"><div class="title-btn__left" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p class="blog-group-date" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #3b3b3b; font-family: Arial, "Microsoft JhengHei", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 0.875rem; margin: 0px 2em 0.3125em 0px;"><span class="blog-group-date__date" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;">2012-09-12</span></span></p><h1 class="blog-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: Arial, "Microsoft JhengHei", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 2.25em; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 0.388889em;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;">當戲劇發聲!</span></span></h1><p style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 0.388889em; text-align: left;"><span face="Arial, "Microsoft JhengHei", Helvetica, sans-serif" style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #800180; vertical-align: inherit;"><b>——樂施會2012年“民眾戲劇與社區工作坊”側記 </b></span></span><span face="Arial, Microsoft JhengHei, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="color: #800180;"><b>作者:陳韋帆樂施會城市生計項目官員 </b></span><b style="color: #800180; font-family: Arial, "Microsoft JhengHei", Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </b></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial, "Microsoft JhengHei", Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 0.388889em; text-align: left;"><span face="Arial, "Microsoft JhengHei", Helvetica, "sans-serif"" style="color: #3b3b3b; font-size: 16.016px;">(本次活動是樂施會北京城市生計主辦的針對社區工作者的系列能力建設之一,旨在為服務外地來城市的工作人員提供更多樣化的理念和手法。)</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial, "Microsoft JhengHei", Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 0.388889em; text-align: left;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #800180; vertical-align: inherit;"><b> </b></span></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial, "Microsoft JhengHei", Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 0.388889em; text-align: left;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #800180; vertical-align: inherit;"><b><br /></b></span></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial, "Microsoft JhengHei", Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 0.388889em; text-align: left;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #800180; vertical-align: inherit;"><b><br /></b></span></span></p></div><div class="title-btn__btn-wrap" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #3b3b3b; font-family: Arial, "Microsoft JhengHei", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16.016px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 1.25em;"><br /></div></div><div class="content-area" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #3b3b3b; font-family: Arial, "Microsoft JhengHei", Helvetica, sans-serif; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 1370px;"><div class="ckec" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: medium; margin-top: 0px; vertical-align: inherit;"><b>“什麼是民眾戲劇?”</b></span></span></div><div class="ckec" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: medium; margin-top: 0px; vertical-align: inherit;"><b><br /></b></span></span></div><div class="ckec" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem; margin-top: 0px; vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; vertical-align: inherit;">當我們開始策劃這個工作坊時,所有參與者都在問這個問題。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;">有的人說,是一種表演形式;有的人說,是一種展現民眾生活的方式;有人說,是專業演員演,觀眾看…… </span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;">這幾個大字是:應用劇場、協作者、社會意識、學習的能力、不當“老師”的能力。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;">萬老師簡單介紹了應用劇場的定義,讓大家了解這並非專業人士的領地,而是社區社群發聲的一個方法和渠道。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;">而作為NGO工作人員,如果想成為使用這種方法的協作者,就需要具備社會意識——能夠關心、認識和分析社會,分析群體境況並能夠反思自身行動;具有學習的能力——不斷吸取新的知識和總結經驗;不當老師的能力——協作者不能認為自己“高人一等”,在“引導”和“推動”之中,不僅要保持謙卑,也要學會等待,尊重對方的主體性,讓對方做自己的主人。</span></span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"><b><span style="font-size: medium;">“做自己的主人”</span></b><span style="font-size: 1rem;">,這句話貫穿了整個工作坊。</span></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem; vertical-align: inherit;">讓每個參與者留下最深印象的這句話,後來反復出現在大家的反思中。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem; vertical-align: inherit;">怎樣才能做自己的主人?</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem; vertical-align: inherit;">萬老師通過一連串的遊戲及說明,讓每個人都有時間和空間去回看自己,去觀察別人,乃至去尋找同伴。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem; vertical-align: inherit;">這個過程中,我們首先在“尋找自己”的道路上不斷摸索著:我來自哪裡?</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem; vertical-align: inherit;">我覺得自己是怎樣的?</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem; vertical-align: inherit;">我希望展現出來的自己又如何?</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem; vertical-align: inherit;">有意思的是,在場的大部分同工都是關注弱勢工友和低收入性工作者的前線NGO工作者,她/他們在定位自己的過程中,都提到了“流動”、“鄉村”、“性別”乃至“階級”等要點。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem; vertical-align: inherit;">作為一個完全不知道該如何定位自己的人,我聽到夥伴們的表述後,才不斷地“發現”了自己。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem; vertical-align: inherit;">之後,無論是在感受自己的身體語言,還是在相互協作之中,遊戲作為一個“催化劑”,給我更多空間“消化”這些定位點。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem; vertical-align: inherit;">與此同時,也通過與他人(們)的互動和協作,重新感受了主體之間的影響與支持。</span></span></div><div class="ckec" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem; text-align: center;"><img alt="" src="http://old.oxfam.org.cn/uploads/image/20130604/1370330387.jpg" style="border-style: none; box-sizing: border-box; height: auto; image-rendering: -webkit-optimize-contrast; line-height: 1.5; max-width: 100%;" /><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;"></span></div><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 1rem;"></span><br />
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd; text-indent: 24pt;">在<span style="font-size: medium;"><b>『反家暴!』</b></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem; vertical-align: inherit;">這個場景中,遊戲讓我們看到平日里隱藏在表象背後的人,以及人與人之間的互動。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem; vertical-align: inherit;">從遊戲開始,我們進入了戲劇。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem; vertical-align: inherit;">戲劇比遊戲更進一步在於,在這個虛擬場景中,戲劇需要更深入挖掘參與者背後的“故事”,包括個人經歷、工作經驗、分析視角甚至“社會意識”。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem; vertical-align: inherit;">夥伴們不斷“創造”著雕塑、集體雕塑乃至戲劇場景,每個定格背後都是多人生命故事的碰撞與融合。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem; vertical-align: inherit;">當被問到戲劇究竟能發揮什麼作用時,大家的回答紛紛:能夠協助人思考;能夠為無法用文字和語言表達自己的工友提供更多表達途徑;能夠讓他人了解我們所服務群體的情況,開展公共倡導……萬老師並沒有給我們答案,但答案也許已經蘊含在每個行動者的心中。</span></div></div></div><div class="ckec" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem; text-align: center;"><img alt="" src="http://old.oxfam.org.cn/uploads/image/20130604/1370333456.jpg" style="border-style: none; box-sizing: border-box; height: auto; image-rendering: -webkit-optimize-contrast; line-height: 1.5; max-width: 100%;" /><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;"></span></div><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: medium; vertical-align: inherit;"><b>雕塑:不給錢又怎樣?</b></span></span></div><div class="ckec" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem; vertical-align: inherit;">我們討論了建築工、家政工、性工作者等群體討要工資難的問題。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem; vertical-align: inherit;">因此我們不僅有“理論學習”,還到夥伴社區與骨幹婦女們一同實踐了遊戲與戲劇。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem; vertical-align: inherit;">說實話之前我一直害怕這樣的“打擾”對社區婦女來說是個多餘,但過程中看到大姐們開心的笑臉和投入的表情時,我完全放心了。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem; vertical-align: inherit;">這又讓我想到那句話“做自己的主人”:我之前的擔心,也許又是另一個角度的忽略主體性了,這種父權式的包辦式的操心,難道不是也在矮化社群自身的選擇與判斷能力嗎?</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem; vertical-align: inherit;">還有另一個讓我特別想記下的細節是,作為一個工作坊主辦者,當我看到某位同工完全不願意投入學習時,那種心情真的十分低落。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem; vertical-align: inherit;">尤其當對方不說一聲離開現場,我簡直開始生氣了。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem; vertical-align: inherit;">但就在此時,我想起那句話<b>“做自己的主人”</b>:是啊,為何她/他不能做自己的主人呢?</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem; vertical-align: inherit;">為何我有那麼強烈的控制慾望,想讓對方按照我的意圖去表現呢?</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem; vertical-align: inherit;">我們所在做的,無非是要“尊重”對方的主體性,具體來說,難道不就是尊重對方的選擇嗎?</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem; vertical-align: inherit;">在這樣的反思下,我終於冷靜下來,並認真給對方打了電話,表達我作為組織者而希望了解她/他的行踪,只是因為我們需要對每位參與者的安全負責,至於她/他有其他安排,可以提前告知我,然後去參加。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem; vertical-align: inherit;">令我驚訝的是,對方在抱歉之後,第二天也開始積極投入了!</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem; vertical-align: inherit;">這個小插曲讓我思考了很久。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem; vertical-align: inherit;">我們作為發展工作者,工作的核心並非是一個接一個的項目或活動,而是每個與我們接觸的人。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem; vertical-align: inherit;">如果我們能夠在與她/他們的互動中,不斷警醒自己,不斷保持對自我與他人主體性的覺察和尊重,對方是否也就會回饋以真誠呢?</span></div><div class="ckec" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem;"><br /><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;">於是,問題又回到了開始。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;">“什麼是民眾戲劇呢?”我想,這是一個時空,它能協助我們看到時空中的人,看到自我與對方的社會落腳點,看到人身後的歷史、經驗、情感與夢想,然後協助人們用最素樸最直白的身體和/或語言表現而出,喚起觀者和參與者的共鳴。</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;">它是為了讓每個人都看到自己,看到別人,然後協助每個人去“做自己的主人”,同時意識到乃至最終成為協作者,實踐所有人都能做自己主人的世界。</span></span></div><div class="ckec" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="ckec" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-683113784628470050.post-91437429620845473552022-10-27T02:26:00.000-07:002022-10-31T06:40:53.223-07:00讀《受壓迫者教育學》第四章 反思日誌<strong> </strong>文/黃斐新 <div><br />
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「給他魚吃,不如教他釣魚。」這句話耳熟能詳,從小聽到大,究竟是什麼意思呢?<br />
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如果妳是受壓迫者,因為種族、階級、語言、思想、宗教、黨派、籍貫、出生地、性別、性傾向、年齡、婚姻、容貌、五官、身心障礙而在主流社會處於弱勢位置。Paulo Freire提醒我們若我們相信壓迫者要我們相信的事實,我們將以為這世界就這樣了。若真如此,我們現在不就還活在秦始皇時代?!我們腳踩的這塊土地便以證明,現實是我們行動,改變現況的對象。2012年總統大選,台灣出現第一位女性總統候選人,在我們享受台灣自由民主同時,想當初1950年起台灣女性才有投票權。因此事實是創作的粘土,即使看似銅牆鐵壁,柏林圍牆也有倒下的一天。<br />
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如果妳是組織領導者,Paulo Freire提醒妳若只把自己的想法灌輸給「需要幫助」的人或社群,妳跟壓迫它們的結構沒兩樣,都希望它們相信妳要它們相信的,不管那是組織目標或理念等。因為受壓迫者需要有自己的聲音,自己的行動,否則它們頂多從壓迫者手中轉交給妳,變成組織領導者完成崇高理想的旗子。<br />
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Paulo Freire提出對話作為方法,跟受壓迫者一起成長,向它們學習,而不是再帶著專業有色眼鏡來教導、傳遞、給與知識或解決問題的方法。妳可以釣好多魚讓大家吃飽,但妳怎麼知道它們喜歡吃什麼呢?唯有透過持續對話,互相理解,從受壓迫者的角度來看世界,將權力還給受壓迫者。如果它們想吃魚,妳有釣魚技巧可以分享,那很好,因為學會方法後,當你離開,它們可以靠自己生活。甚至下次在災害或事件發生第一時間,受壓迫者已經自行組織,不再需要等待領導者告訴它們應該怎麼做。<br />
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曾經聽過同學分享水井和女性的故事,一群專業都市規劃者來到小村莊,發現水井離村落太遠,女性們需要走一段路才能取水。於是它們在離村莊最近的地方開挖新水井,為村民節省取水時間。沒想到,新水井啟用後,女性們抱怨連連。都市規劃者很納悶,決定去詢問當地女性,她說:「以前水井離家遠,大家可以邊取水邊聊天,現在那麼近,很快就要回家,煮飯洗衣打掃顧小孩,跟別人聊天的時間變短了」。<br />
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相較於清醒的知識份子,「無知」民眾一直以來都被當做教育對象,以為自己在幫助別人,但我錯了。其實閱讀《受壓迫者教育學》第四章過程中感到慚愧,因女同志身分而在法律權益和傳統習俗上是受壓迫者時,我其實是倚賴或期待有人出來幫我,卻忘了,如果自己先嘗試做點什麼,就可以靠自己,更有能動性,不用等待別人給予。當我有機會唸研究所時,卻忘了,先聽聽別人想說的話,理解對方處境、感受,卻一股腦搬出理論經典來建議、批評、比較。<br />
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另外更顛覆我參與社會運動的經驗和想像,原來改革是連續性過程非目的。我一直以為社運是單方向,各運動團體依其關懷邀請教授、專家說社會哪裡有問題,需要改變,應該變怎樣。而我是去執行、宣揚理念的人,但從未思考我是否真的認同理念,組織跟我的關係又是如何?組織是跟成員一起走,由成員自行發起行動,還是在為組織奔波? <br />
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受壓迫者教育學談的「覺醒」跟女性主義談的覺醒,有異曲同工之妙。都是使當事人意識到自己所處的位置和自己的狀態。用另一種態度看自己,自己也用另一種態度看世界。啟發受壓迫者,用行動來改變看似不變的「事實」。與其要妳雙手向上被動承接資源,《受壓迫者教育學》是工具,教我們釣魚的方法。</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div>台灣被壓迫者劇場推展中心http://www.blogger.com/profile/10291369655404492262noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-683113784628470050.post-66145994741823344272022-08-26T20:54:00.002-07:002022-08-26T21:05:49.777-07:00演一齣守護家園的戲<p> <b><span style="font-size: medium;">本文轉貼自 芥助網</span></b></p><p><b><span style="font-size: medium;">社區力 點線面 </span><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></b> </p><h4 style="background-color: rgba(34, 34, 34, 0.6); border: 0px; color: white; font-family: Helvetica, "Microsoft JhengHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 43.935px; margin: 0px 0px 0.2em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: medium;">專訪木有枝劇團曾靖雯:</span></h4><h4 style="background-color: rgba(34, 34, 34, 0.6); border: 0px; color: white; font-family: Helvetica, "Microsoft JhengHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 43.935px; margin: 0px 0px 0.2em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: medium;">演一齣守護家鄉的戲 是居民對土地最深情的告白</span></h4><h4 style="background-color: rgba(34, 34, 34, 0.6); border: 0px; color: white; font-family: Helvetica, "Microsoft JhengHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 43.935px; margin: 0px 0px 0.2em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">文/陳佳楓</h4><div><br /></div><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #0d0d0b; font-family: Helvetica, "Microsoft JhengHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; color: black; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">2011年聖誕節,台南市東山區嶺南社區居民組成的劇團,在新營社區大學的期末成果展上演出,述說一場自2002年起,小村莊反對政府設立廢棄物掩埋場、捍衛家鄉用水安全的行動故事。這場讓觀眾屏息動容的戲,讓居民多年抗爭的點點滴滴以另一種方式被理解,憤怒與委曲也在演出中得以釋放。</span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #0d0d0b; font-family: Helvetica, "Microsoft JhengHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; color: black; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 600; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">台南東山嶺南社區劇場 重現十年抗爭之路</span></span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #0d0d0b; font-family: Helvetica, "Microsoft JhengHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; color: black; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">嶺南社區是個被青山綠水環繞的小村落,豐富的生態蘊含許多台灣珍寶,居民們過著純樸的農耕生活,以栽種龍眼、柳丁、椪柑等農產品為主。不料,1999年,台南縣政府環境影響評估(以下簡稱「環評」)大會,有條件核准將廢棄物掩埋場設立在嶺南,且在地方說明會上,掩埋場負責公司以贈品換取村民的連署簽名。</span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #0d0d0b; font-family: Helvetica, "Microsoft JhengHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; color: black; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">這個廢棄物掩埋場距離烏山頭水庫集水區不到十公尺,水庫提供台南地區公共給水與嘉南大圳廣大區域灌溉用水之需,若啟用掩埋場,不但危害居民用水安全,也會污染當地農作物。當時的村長陳顯茂於是號召村民展開家鄉保衛行動,但過程並不順利,許多困難橫阻在眼前,毫無發聲的機會。</span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #0d0d0b; font-family: Helvetica, "Microsoft JhengHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; color: black; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">從失落到憤怒,原本安居樂業的農民,不得不化身為捍衛鄉土的英勇鬥士,他們曾在寒冬中靜坐40天、苦行過31個鄉鎮,社區裡老、中、青、少全村動員攜手接力守護家園,不肯離開這場戰役。直到2011年台南縣市合併後,重組環評會,才通過撤銷掩埋場的原本的環評結論(註一)。10年換得環境正義,陳顯茂感慨的說,很多居民用自己的生命保障台南市民的生活品質,為了這塊土地南北奔波,歲月無情,許多人如今都快80歲了,更有些長者在抗爭的路上提早離開了戰場。</span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #0d0d0b; font-family: Helvetica, "Microsoft JhengHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; color: black; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #0d0d0b; font-family: Helvetica, "Microsoft JhengHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; color: black; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 600; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">覺知才能共好 劇場從「家」出發</span></span></p><p></p><p></p><div class="ckec" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #3b3b3b; font-family: Arial, "Microsoft JhengHei", Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1rem; text-align: center;"><img alt="" src="http://old.oxfam.org.cn/uploads/image/20130604/1370330387.jpg" style="border-style: none; box-sizing: border-box; height: auto; image-rendering: -webkit-optimize-contrast; line-height: 1.5; max-width: 100%;" /><span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5;"></span></div><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="font-size: 1rem;"></span><br /><a name='more'></a></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="color: #3b3b3b; font-family: Arial, "Microsoft JhengHei", Helvetica, sans-serif; margin-top: 9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd; text-indent: 24pt;"><br /></div><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #0d0d0b; font-family: Helvetica, "Microsoft JhengHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; color: black; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">居民的覺知,是邁向社區共好的開始。「但願人人皆成為『知道』自己『有』枝幹的樹木,立足在地、延展自身、觸碰世界。當樹與樹的枝葉相連,這裡便成一片覺知的群林。」六年級後段班的曾靖雯,就是為了成就這樣一片覺知的樹林,成立了「木有枝劇場工作室」。</span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #0d0d0b; font-family: Helvetica, "Microsoft JhengHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; color: black; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">曾靖雯大學畢業後在職場打滾多年,看到一些勞資剝削、不平等對待等社會現實面,帶著在職場受的傷、回到南部的她,在社區大學全國促進會擔任影像教育專員,這才發現,原來社會上有很多議題需要被關心。她開始反省自己與社會的關係,在接觸了「<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A2%AB%E5%8E%8B%E8%BF%AB%E8%80%85%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E5%AD%A6" style="border: 0px; color: black; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.2s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;">被壓迫者教育學</a><span class="hu-external" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span>」(Pedagogy of the Oppressed)及劇場(Theatre of the Oppressed)(註二)後,開啟了她對生命其他可能性的好奇心。</span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #0d0d0b; font-family: Helvetica, "Microsoft JhengHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; color: black; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">回顧自己的劇場實踐經驗,她特別難忘跟嶺南社區共渡的回憶。當年接受新營社區大學的邀約,她接手嶺南社區議題劇場的引導任務。居民長期抗爭未果,亟需表達自己的情緒,參與劇場的動機及使命感皆強烈。課程起初由社區劇場工作者包綉月透過肢體訓練,鬆動居民長時間因耕種而僵化使用的身體;接著曾靖雯設計流程,陪著他們盤點抗爭的事件與轉折,再將居民描述的故事繪製成幾十張的簡圖,以共同參與創作的方式一起討論劇中的利害關係人,以及如何呈現劇情,不但讓居民在過程中集體回憶、重整多年來抗爭的點滴,更讓他們能有全新學習的經驗與認知。</span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #0d0d0b; font-family: Helvetica, "Microsoft JhengHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; color: black; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">家鄉保衛戰勝利那年,承辦新營社區大學的台南縣南瀛文化協會,為了凝聚在地向心力、讓居民動起來,籌辦新營第一個在地劇團「新營有故事劇團」,透過聽、說自己與新營的故事,以肢體與遊戲的方式,將情感投射在戲劇中。曾靖雯持續在南台灣持續耕耘劇場,盼連結社區居民生活的各種可能性,希望透過劇團,關注社會小角落、小事件、小人物,或是不被重視、不被聆聽的議題,集結微小的力量付出行動,將人們心中最微弱的光放到可被看到的地方。</span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #0d0d0b; font-family: Helvetica, "Microsoft JhengHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; color: black; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">過去幾年,她也協助引導台南市永康社區大學「守望者劇場團」,陪伴永康區建國里的一群媽媽們以家的議題出發,透過劇場呈現老眷村改建新國宅的過程和眷村的情感與文化。後來,曾靖雯培訓守望者劇團學習「一人一故事劇場」(Playback Theatre)(註三),成為社區活水,長期在學校及社區,透過「說故事、演故事」過程,幫助許多人在劇場裡得到理解及釋放。</span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #0d0d0b; font-family: Helvetica, "Microsoft JhengHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; color: black; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #0d0d0b; font-family: Helvetica, "Microsoft JhengHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; color: black; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 600; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">陪伴群眾的力量 短暫卻永恆</span></span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #0d0d0b; font-family: Helvetica, "Microsoft JhengHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; color: black; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">在社區劇場中,引導者拋出問題,讓參與者反思,當參與者開始用身體去呈現內在情感時,會發現原來自己是有情緒、有感受的。曾靖雯說,在社區劇場引導過程中,她發現長輩不易主動參與,且一開始總是否認、貶低自身價值;若能為他們創造成就感,將他們放在一個有正面意義的位置上,就能有很好的表現,有很多原本不想講話的長輩,後來卻一直說不停。她帶著這股凝聚社區人心的力量,讓居民變成主動的演員,透過劇場陪伴群眾發聲。</span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #0d0d0b; font-family: Helvetica, "Microsoft JhengHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; color: black; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">這些年,曾靖雯以「被壓迫者劇場」為主要方法,致力參與社會,透過戲劇陪伴一些族群表現群體力量。她表示,某些社區戲劇的操作路線總是以最大化呈現社區最美好的一面,然而社區中其實有許多我們看不到的問題。有些長期蹲點的社區工作者,不能認同短期特定的社區計劃,但近年來她發現,並非只有長期蹲點才能做社區工作,短期密集互動也可以因聚焦在特定面向,而展現出不同的可能性。</span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #0d0d0b; font-family: Helvetica, "Microsoft JhengHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; color: black; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">曾靖雯陪伴民眾述說生活裡的美好與憂傷,也透過戲劇激發居民互助共好的凝聚力,她在為社區劇團注入了短暫卻永恆的養分後,便會放手讓劇團獨立運作,並持續萌芽生長。即便社區工作裡有著許許多多的不完美,但來過社區的人們,都曾因為共同努力朝向美好,而讓途中經歷的一切成為美好。</span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #0d0d0b; font-family: Helvetica, "Microsoft JhengHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; color: black; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #0d0d0b; font-family: Helvetica, "Microsoft JhengHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; color: black; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #0d0d0b; font-family: Helvetica, "Microsoft JhengHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; color: black; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">註一:被壓迫者劇場,可參考網址:<a href="http://www.hermanyau.com/cArticleTO.htm" style="border: 0px; color: black; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.2s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;">http://www.hermanyau.com/cArticleTO.htm</a><span class="hu-external" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #0d0d0b; font-family: Helvetica, "Microsoft JhengHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; color: black; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">註二:此為「永揚案」,相關報導可參考<a href="https://news.ltn.com.tw/news/life/paper/483872" style="border: 0px; color: black; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.2s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;">https://news.ltn.com.tw/news/life/paper/483872</a><span class="hu-external" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #0d0d0b; font-family: Helvetica, "Microsoft JhengHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 1em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; color: black; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">註三:一人一故事劇場,簡介可參考:<a href="http://playbacktaiwan.weebly.com/3177720171.html" style="border: 0px; color: black; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.2s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;">http://playbacktaiwan.weebly.com/3177720171.html</a></span></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-683113784628470050.post-72592955576848464502022-08-14T21:48:00.002-07:002022-08-14T21:50:00.166-07:00 EMPOWERMENT 誰 ? 如何?<a href="https://taiwan.yam.org.tw/nwc/nwc5/02.htm">https://taiwan.yam.org.tw/nwc/nwc5/02.htm</a><a href="https://taiwan.yam.org.tw/nwc/nwc5/02.htm"></a><div><br /></div><div>***本文出自2001年在高雄舉辦的第六屆全國婦女國是會議</div><div>說明:TO中心除關心弱勢社群權益和權力問題外,也關切劇場引導人們"Empower"意識甦醒的歷程,故轉貼此文。讀者或可直接閱讀【四、「激力」(empowerment)的概念闡述及在性侵害輔導中的運用】。</div><div><br /></div><div>** empowerment 除譯『激力』外也有譯作培力、充權、授能或賦權。</div><div><br /></div><div><center><blockquote><h2><span style="color: #990099;">受害者的復原與輔導</span></h2><span style="color: #cc33cc;">李開敏講師 資深社工師/2000年6月9日</span></blockquote></center><p><br /></p><a name='more'></a><p></p></div><span style="color: #993366;"><span style="color: #cc0099;">一、前言</span></span><p><span style="color: #993366;"> 始自1980年以降,西方社會對性侵害這個隱諱的主題開始關注與討論。這和不少社會名流如麥可傑克森的妹妹、名主持人歐普拉等出面公開她們的兒時性侵害經驗有關。甚至有媒體宣稱:「這股快速成長的"復原運動"(recovery movement)是建立在將美國視為一個巨大、失能、創傷化的家庭看法之上」(Renvoize, 1993:XI)。1985年洛杉磯時報以100個性侵害相關的問題作全國抽樣調查,發現27%的女性及16%的男性報導兒時有被性侵害的經驗,事發時的平均年齡是10歲。審視1987至1992年間美、加的研究調查,發現約20~30%的女性及10~18%的男性在18歲以前有被性侵害(Geffner, 1992:2)。英國1990年衛生署公佈的資料顯示:青少年中,女性有20%,男性7%曾受性侵害(Renvoize, 1993:67)。陳若璋1993調查全省九所大學2146位大學生的性侵害經驗,發現女性受訪者約1/4曾遭受性侵害,其中45%認識加害人,40%的加害人為被害人的男友或同儕。</span></p><p><span style="color: #993366;"> 因為大眾對此主題意識的提高,加上1960年以來婦女運動的推波助瀾,近年來性侵害的報案率逐漸增加。美國性侵害的案例從1980年至1986年成長了三倍(余漢儀, 84:71)。國內的資料亦顯示成長,民國82年6月以前性侵害個案數約佔保護個案5%~6%之間,但7月以後,其比例攀升近一倍,約10%~11%之間(江幸慧, 83:91)。因為對性的禁忌、羞恥感、對報復的恐懼,加上法律、醫學上舉證的不易,對性侵害認定的不一等原因,被舉報的實在只是冰山浮出的一角。Russell在美對647位兒時曾受性侵害女性的調查顯示,只有5%的報案率,而案發後確定判刑的只有1/4。她的研究發現震驚社會大眾並促使立法提前通過責任通報制(Russell, 1984:172)。強暴事件的犯罪黑數(事件發生卻沒被告發)一向偏高。國內學者、臨床心理學家估算國內報案率約1/5~1/10(陳若璋, 82:1;陳皎眉, 84:16)。依警政署82年的資料顯示,受害者1/3以上是國中國小生(陳美鈴, 83:81)。也有研究者相信性侵害比肢體虐待問題更為廣泛(李宗派, 82:315)。</span></p><p><span style="color: #993366;"><br /><span style="color: #cc0099;">二、性侵害的「權力」核心問題</span></span></p><p><span style="color: #993366;"> 社會學家、人類學家、心理學家、生態學家等都曾用不同角度探究這個人類自古以來的悲劇課題。作者近年來參與家庭暴力輔導工作,深深認同暴力的核心問題是權力的不當使用。而性侵害更反映了女性權利的完全被侵奪,包括對身體的主權,意見的表達權(不可告人),當事人在自己的困惑中等待救援,然而她們的孤單、害怕卻沒有人代言。</span></p><p><span style="color: #993366;"> 依據Groth(1979)對性傷害的研究,包括Howells等人對性傷害兒童的樣本發現,幾乎所有的性傷害都是為了滿足攻擊者的權力感,也就是控制對方的能力以及控制成功後的權力感。如果性傷害象徵對女性最珍視部份的控制、玷污,則強迫的性行為正是逼對方迫降。而女性無力阻止意味的是終極的羞辱(Marshall et al., 1990:58~59)。澳洲家庭研究中心主任Edgar說:「家庭暴力並非個人病態,而是社會製造與維繫的。家庭暴力源自年齡、性別差異造成的權力、資源不平等...雪上加霜的是社會對男性以暴力解決壓力情境的廣泛認可」(Renvoize, 1993:41)。Goode(1971)說:「家庭是一個權力系統」。家庭中存在著權力結構,支配者與被支配者間的不平等。男性在家中年齡、力氣、經濟掌控的地位,使他穩坐控制者的寶座,這反映的也正是外在社會的秩序。整個社會的政治、宗教、經濟、社會結構在男性掌控之下,父權主義主導了家庭中的兩性與代間關係(Hutter, 1981:399)。</span></p><p><span style="color: #993366;"> 因為這樣的觀點,輔導目標的設定是希望透過一個合作、信任、權力共享的治療關係,讓當事人經由積極參與,成為關係中的主體(subject),進而修正他們長久以來,做為一「無力客體」(powerless object)的經驗。</span></p><p><span style="color: #993366;"><br /><span style="color: #cc0099;">三、有關性侵害的心理創傷、復原與輔導</span></span></p><p><span style="color: #993366;"> 性侵害造成的心理創傷有相當多的文獻報導,其中Finkelhor及Browne(1986)提出四類心理動力,藉以說明性侵害創傷所遺留的心理影響:(Patten et al., 1989;Dempster, 1993:65~69;Coffey et al., 1996:448~455)</span></p><ol><span style="color: #993366;"><li>創傷的性化經驗(traumatic sexualization):受害者對性的感受、態度都在發展上以不當、人際失能的情境下形成。這種被當作性對象的物化過程可能使當事人產生混亂、困惑、罪疚及羞恥感。Ochberg用「負面的親密」(negative intimacy)說明個人界限遭受侵犯後產生自憎,使原來的親密變質,他並指出治療中須要處理負面親密延伸的厭惡、羞恥感。</li><li>烙印(stigmatization):凡是受害者接收到他們「壞、不潔、丟臉、不清白」的訊息,都會影響他們正在形成中的自我概念。Sgroi等(1982)提出「壞損物症候群」("damaged goods" syndrome),即指當事人認為身體上的傷害是無可彌補或逆轉的,伴隨著恐懼、沮喪、低自尊、壓抑的憤怒、失去信任的能力、模糊的家庭角色界線、失控、無法自主等反應。</li><li>背叛(betrayal):受害者發現他們所仰靠的人不可靠,無法保護甚至給他們帶來傷害。失去信任還包括施虐者先脅迫對方保密,然而一旦東窗事發,施虐者通常會否認、說謊抵賴,並反控受虐者,讓對方感受到背叛困惑不解。卻又被成人世界所建構的謊言讓他們覺得不幸是自找的,他們是罪魁禍首,罪有應得,這對爾後他們和異性或權威關係間的信任、他們對自我及世界的看法都有很大的影響。</li><li>無力感(powerlessness):當個人意願、想法、能力感與身體一再受到壓制、否定與侵犯時,無力感便油然而生,更何況施虐者常常是利用女性的無助、依賴做為控制的手段。</li></span></ol><span style="color: #993366;"><p> Patten等運用Figley(1985)的「創傷後壓力疾患」(以下簡稱PTSD, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder)的模式來說明受害者的復原過程。他說:「創傷後的修復端視受害者(victim)能否在心理上轉換成為一生還者(survivor),也就是當事人能將他生命中的災難事件整合,融入他的生命歷程,並從創傷中找到力量的來源」。Figley將這樣的心路歷程分做五個階段:(1)災難發生(直到受害者重新得到安全保障)。(2)解脫和困惑。(3)逃避以減低焦慮。(4)重新審視,面對創傷。(5)調適(Patten et al., 1989:198)。</p><p> 依據精神科診斷手冊DSM-IV,PTSD是指:(1)個人經驗到、目擊或遭受創傷事件,對自身或他人生命、重傷害或身體完整性的威脅。(2)個人反應包括強烈的害怕、無助、恐怖感(APA, 1994:209)。最常見的症狀是干擾式的創傷經驗再現,腦海中閃過的記憶、惡夢,對與創傷相關刺激的持續逃避,包括麻木、對外界反應興趣減少、感覺疏離等,以及持續的驚擾症狀,如睡眠困擾、注意力無法集中等。凡症狀出現超過一個月以上才會被考慮這個診斷。</p><p> Foa等人相信強暴受害者是PTSD疾患最大的病人群。一項社區內對強暴受害人的調查顯示,PTSD終身盛行的比例高達57%。另一項對醫院轉介的強暴受害者之研究,在初評時有97%符合「創傷後壓力疾患」的診斷,兩個月後仍有46%符合(Koss & Harvey, 1991:78~79)。</p><p> 性侵害創傷的影響常是很深遠的。Herman等(1988)研究指出「邊緣性人格疾患」中約35%曾經驗過亂倫式的性侵害。Coons(1986)在多重人格疾患病人中發現幾乎多數曾受到肢體或性侵害。一項對精神病院中女性住院病人的研究指出:75%曾受到過肢體或性侵害(Patten et al., 1989:197)。雖然不少研究強調性侵害兒童短期或長期可能會出現明顯心理病態,如Browne及Finkelhor估計1/5以下的受害者會呈現長期嚴重精神病態,但也有研究指出這些對象中有21~50%未呈現任何病態(翁毓秀,83:84)(Mannarino & Cohen, 1990:257),英國Lynch的研究發現23%兒童未顯示負面影響。其中施虐者與當事人的關係(家庭中或家庭外)、性侵害的類型、事發的頻率、時間長久、暴力使用的程度、年齡、人格特質、因應等都是影響因數。事發後,家人的支持、早期發現、及時明確處理都有助於調適(Corby, 1993:122~123)。</p><p> 性侵害的心理治療有個別、團體、二人會談、家族治療等方式,心理治療包括運用遊戲治療、教育活動(如自我保護、自我肯定訓練、法律程序說明等),也有行為治療,運用系統減敏感法或放鬆訓練等(Mayhall, et al., 1983:340~346;Tower, 1989:289~297;Glasser et al., 1988:130~151)。Sturkie(1986)特別指出輔導過程中對壓抑的憤怒須要特別去探索並給予許可,以催化當時人的表達。他也提到一些技巧讓當事人宣洩憤怒,如捶枕、吼叫「不可以」。此類象徵性的對施虐者反控,可藉由人體造形娃娃、枕頭等治療過程來增進當事人身體的完整及自控感,也有學者提到教導受害者在受害情境中與施虐者「心理分離」(陳若璋, 82:67)。</p><p> Lloyd提到許多生還者透過文學、音樂、小說創作重新面對早年創傷。這種創作無異是一個自助,得力的過程(Lloyd, 1993:194)一般在治療進行的程序上,個別心理治療通常是第一步。如有兒童、青少年或施虐者、未施虐父母那一方組成的團體,也可一併進行。Faller提到夫妻或聯合家庭的團體也可成為成員很好的參考團體與學習環境,除了治療目標,團體可安排出遊、聯誼,以協助關係建立(Faller, 1988:378~380)。除了前述的團體,英國Lloyd,Dempster及美國Kempe等均提到自助團體是生還者在復原過程中重新得力的一個重要管道。自助團體除了協助成員打破孤立感之外,還可提供支持,交換資訊及具體協助。1971年美國加州聖荷西成立的Giarretto「性侵害治療中心」(Child Sexual Abuse Treatment Program),至今已成為美、加、英、澳洲各地152個治療中心的典範。他們的治療包括完型、引導心像(guided imagery)、遊戲治療、自覺練習等。目標是改變兒童「自恨」的自我概念而建立其自我價值。Giarretto認為一般人只重視中心的家庭治療,然而自助和志工團體才是他們最重要的部份。這種整合專業及發動社區與案主同儕力量的作法是「激力」的成功示範。</p><p> Faller提到最好有兩位以上的治療師,或者是成立由精神科醫師、心理師、社工師組成的治療團隊。這樣可增加治療模式的選用,家庭可接觸不同的角色模範,治療師本身也較能預防枯竭或崩耗(burn out)(Faller, 1988:325~326)。因為性侵害的複雜性,跨專業團隊以及跨機構合作是保護落實的不二法門(翁毓秀, 83:93~96)(Hallett, 1993:148~151)(Faller, 1988:325~326)。</p><p><br /><span style="color: #cc0099; font-size: medium;"><b>四、「激力」(empowerment)的概念闡述及在性侵害輔導中的運用</b></span></p><p> "Empowerment"「激力」一詞是1975年左右,由Solomon提出而被廣泛運用。依據社工字典的定義:「empowerment是社會工作實務中,協助個人、家庭、團體或社區增加他們個人、人際、社會、經濟、政治的力量及影響力,以改善他們生存環境的做法」。Solomon將之定義為「協助被烙印的個人或團體增進或練習自身的人際技巧或社區影響力」(Johnson et al., 1995)。Hasenfeld(1987)的定義:「讓案主得到資源的過程-包括個人、機構、社區資源,使他們增加對環境的控制以及自己理想的達成」。「激力」所指的是一種既傳統又創新的社會工作處遇。從1900年代初期,Jane Addams就大聲疾呼:「我要警告你們,為善者惟一的善是不對人行善而是與人為善」。Richmond也說:「個人有他的自由意志及人生目的,所以不適在世界上扮演一個被動的角色,否則將走向衰退」(Simon, 1994:47、60)。Maluccio(1983)提到社會工作對人的觀點是:「努力、積極的個體只要有適當的環境支持,是有能力整頓其生活並發展其潛力」。Weick等(1989)提出社工信念是:「人都有尚未被發現、被決定的身、心、靈、社會能力,這些能力須得到尊重才會被激發,也就是對生命中存在的(being)及未來可能性的承認(becoming)」(DeBois, 1996:26~27)。DeBois提醒社會工作在助人歷程中須對被迫害、無力感兩者的動力有所了解,因為當我們將自己定位在施善的角色,或握有專業權威的角色時,我們已經在複製一個剝奪能力的關係與過程。誠如Simmons(1990)說:「激力是一個反射活動,是一個由雙方均在尋求力量或自決而維護的過程」(DeBois 1996:27)。Simon提到雖然「激力」的名詞出現甚晚,但其概念早深植在社會工作致力協助社會邊緣劣勢人口(家庭或社區暴力/忽視的受害者、長期失業、身心殘障、遊民等族群)的精神中。美國從1890年代至今,社會工作面對的就是生命中飽受壓迫且無力對抗的弱勢人口。「激力」成為社會工作傳統是經由無數實務工作者、理論家在各種各樣的機構與取向中共同模塑而成的(Simon, 1994)。一世紀以來,這樣的社工理念在公家、民間、工會、企業界、宗教界乃至臨床執業中萌芽茁壯。</p><p> 「激力」的理論植根於社區組織方法、女性主義、成人教育以及政治心理學。它立基於衝突模式,也就是假設社會中存在各種對資源掌握不同權力及控制力的團體(Gutierrez, 1990:149~150)。社會問題的發生不是因為個人的缺陷,而是社會結構階層的不平等所致,每個人都有改變的潛力。個人經驗到無力症狀是因為周遭環境的不友善與敵意。Swift提出這個概念基本上是「反父權主義」,可提供另一角度來詮釋社會問題。Hess認為它是一個民主的概念,權力重新分配的目的是社會正義(Hegar & Hunzeker, 1988:149~150)。Swift(1984)說:「民主的概念及實現是靠著激力市民,參與決策的原則」(DeBois et al., 1996:24)。Clark(1989)表示:「激發力量卻不提供選擇是一諷刺」。故獲得資源,了解選擇是當事人「重新得力」的關鍵。</p><p> 近二十年來,女性自我意識覺醒以及她們的政治行動在「性侵犯」的主題上成功地教育了社會大眾。女性主義者不贊成性侵害的現象被很多男性主導的專家「神秘化」,也就是過份強調專業知識技術或診斷治療的高姿態遠距離,使得案主無法了解他們在治療或問題解決過程中的貢獻。誠然自1970年左右,美國許多兒虐輔導的創新技巧是從性強暴危機中心或婦女庇護中心發展出來的。他們很多並非兒童治療專家,而是早年受害者或女性主義行動者。他們的處遇並無任何理論根據,但她們以自身累積的女性經驗,自助助人,其所發揮的強大治療力量亦不容忽視。女性主義者認為要讓受害者從性侵犯的創傷中康復,激力當事人是要她為自己做選擇。傳統醫學、心理衛生、法律界習於忽視案主被告之的權利,無異是持續強化迫害,而減緩復原的作法。</p><p> 所以在巨視層面,「激力」意指增加集體政治權力的過程。而在微視面,它強調儘管外在結構不變,個人仍能發展出有力感或自我主控感。Rappaport(1984)認為它是一個多層面、多向度的過程,它也是一種心態(state of mind),比如自我價值、能力感或自控、有力量的看法(DeBois et al., 1996:25)。Sue(1981)認為「激力」的目標之一是對權力被侵奪(disempowered)的團體,協助他們從「外控/內負責」的世界觀轉化到「內控/外負責」,亦即相信自己有能力掌握自己的命運(內控),但也能洞察歧視、偏見、剝削等外在障礙阻擾了他們的發展(外負責)(余漢儀,84:198~201)。Sue的模式可作為受虐兒童從極度無力的受害創傷中,逐漸找回力量,過渡到「生還者」世界觀的復原架構。</p><p> 本段摘取並融合Simon、Burwell、Hegar、Hunzeker、DeBois及Gutierrez等多位提出的「激力」技巧,整理出下列六項在臨床運用的要點,並提供處置實例說明之。</p><p></p><ol><li>與當事人建立合作與夥伴的關係。 這樣的關係並非是一個專業助人者與案主間單向的影響與協助,也不是一種人際、組織權力平等假相的夥伴關係。Reynolds (1951)曾提出「聯盟」的關係,也就是(1)對當事人問題緊急性的共同認定。(2)雙方以民主的方式致力於問題解決。(3)儘管雙方社會階層、教育、生活經驗的歧異,仍能秉持人性的共通點建立共識。這樣的合作包括持續的投入、互惠、專注、快速的接納、二人休戚與共(fellow strugglers)等。改變過程中,社工可扮演的角色很多,但當事人永遠是改變的「引擎」(Simon, 1994:8)。<p></p></li><li>強化拓展當事人的能力、資源、潛力。 找到改變的能量,增加案主自我能力,也就是讓當事人對自己掌握生命的能力有信心。輔導者的任務如Burwell所述,是相當藝術化的一個過程。「對當事人及輔導者自己都能激發出創造力、發掘力以及美好的一面,使能者本身必須具備堅強的信念-人的潛力將帶動改變」。從每一次的接觸起,作者就一再地對各位當事人展現的不同潛力感到驚訝,包括他們的善意、彈性、開放度、自發性、內省力、心理能力、創作力、復原力等。<p></p></li><li>選擇權力被侵奪(disempowered)的個人或團體,傾聽當事人的經驗。 每個人所擁有的經驗是她的生命歷程,兩位當事人不完整的家庭、被棄、強權暴力、烙印,都是她們劣質生命的條件。傾聽、認可她們對自身經驗的敘述就是「激力」的過程。<p></p></li><li>工作的雙重焦點,是當事人和其社會環境並重,積極動用資源與倡導。 社會工作的社會心理兩條脈絡必須雙管齊下,不分輕重。從Jane Addams及Mary Richmond以來,就有無數人全力以赴,成為最有創意的理論或實務家。舉凡「個人/情境」或是生態、系統的觀點都提醒我們個人或家庭的福祉和社會、政治、經濟、文化環境所提供的機會是不能分的。<p></p></li><li>減低自責,提昇自尊,發展正向的自我概念。 自責常是沮喪、自憎、自我癱瘓的來源。近來Zimmerman等將治療中當事人對性侵害的歸因列為研究方向,他們認為兒童的歸因是決定他性侵害後症狀嚴重性的重要中介變項,雖然目前尚無實證結果,但減低自責是輔導過程中很重要的一項工作。<p></p></li><li>教導個人權利、特殊技巧。 鼓勵爭取個人權利的同時,個人自決以及自我價值感都會因此提昇。只有如此才能維護自我利益以及實踐自我保護。如教導當事人「有生氣的權利」、「有要求被保護的權利」、「有隱私的權利」、「有抗告的權利」及「身體主權」等。知識與資訊即是權力,輔導員與社工員就性侵害法律起訴、判決結果充份告之當事人,並詳細解釋,協助她們對責任歸屬有更客觀的看法。</li></ol><p><br /><span style="color: #cc0099;">五、結語</span></p><p> 綜合本文中的文獻回顧與作者之臨床經驗,嘗試整理出性受害者的復原過程,以提綱契領地說明從權力觀點探討此一課題時,其中的復原轉換以及輔導介入的要領。</p><p><br /><span style="color: #cc0099;">性受害者的創傷復原過程</span></p><p><br /></p><table align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#D7E8B3" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 420px;"><tbody><tr><td align="center" bgcolor="#D7E8B3" colspan="2">受害者特質<br />(權利被忽視、侵奪的無力客體)</td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="2">創傷認知 - 外控 / 內負責</td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><b><span style="color: #cc0099;">心理創傷</span></b><br />烙印、背叛、無力自憎自責、創傷的性化經驗</td><td valign="top"><b><span style="color: #cc0099;">PTSD症狀</span></b><br />自我完整性受創、疏離、害怕、驚嚇、無助、恐怖感 干擾式的創傷經驗再現逃避與創傷相關刺激睡眠困擾,注意力無法集中</td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="2"><img border="0" height="13" src="https://taiwan.yam.org.tw/nwc/nwc5/images/rarrow.gif" width="13" /></td></tr><tr><td align="center" bgcolor="#D7E8B3" colspan="2">激力<br />(合作、信任、權力共享的治療關係)</td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="2">災難事件認知重整,創傷中找尋力量</td></tr><tr><td valign="top"><b><span style="color: #cc0099;">目標與技巧</span></b><br />合作與夥伴的輔導關係強化能力、資源、潛力傾聽受害經驗(權利被侵奪)倡導、積極動用資源減低自責,提昇自尊,發展正向自我概念教育個人權利、自我保護、自我肯定</td><td valign="top"><b><span style="color: #cc0099;">活動媒介</span></b><br />遊戲、藝術、身體活動引導心像角色練習創作</td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="2"><img border="0" height="13" src="https://taiwan.yam.org.tw/nwc/nwc5/images/rarrow.gif" width="13" /></td></tr><tr><td align="center" bgcolor="#D7E8B3" colspan="2">生還者特質<br />(積極參與的權力主體)</td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="2">創傷認知-內控/外負責</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" valign="top"><span style="color: #cc0099;">心理創傷修復</span><br />PTSD症狀消減自主、自尊、自控有力感、信任感自我完整性重建社會關係改善</td></tr></tbody></table><p><br /></p><p> 激力(empowering)的前提是任何創傷下都蘊藏力量無限,在遭受外來侵犯的生命事件之後,當事人須要從受害的陰影中重新修補自己是否殘缺的看法,以及對人能否信任的存疑。女性本身豐富的自發、彈性、觀察力、學習能力、復原能力,以及不容低估的心理能力,即便在多重剝奪、缺匱的條件下,只要提供支持了解、信任尊重、認可接納、資訊教育的機會與資源,在輔導的修正關係中,體驗到做一獨立主體,被允許表達感受、意見,被允許參與做選擇,那麼受害的無力自憎終能轉換成重新得力後的自尊自主。</p><p> 國內對性侵害的輔導方起步,期待在這個需要特別信心與勇氣的工作上,有更多心理衛生人力、社區團體一同關注與投入。本文僅就有限的經驗,呼籲推廣及時短期式個別輔導。也期盼「激力」的觀點得到更多專業同道的認同,在檢視與受害者的工作中,能對當事人權力被侵奪的困境有更深的同理,對見證生命創傷經驗的復原懷抱更大的信心,對工作關係中專業權力主控和當事人參與自決的議題多一份敏感。</p><p> 這樣的嘗試須要更多研究、實務者給予挑戰、批判。誠然,激力的核心概念充滿理想主義色彩,但相信心理衛生或社會工作界不乏烏托邦傻子,會從激力的過程中得力,堅持不懈。</p><p>(本文摘自 李開敏(1997) "受害到生還-談性虐兒童重新得力的輔導過程",中華心理衛生學刊第十卷第二期1997年)</p><p><br /></p><p><span style="color: #cc0099;">參考書目</span></p><p></p><ul><li>李開敏、江美芬(民87)。慰安婦的激力與生命回顧團體-傾聽她們的創傷與超越。世界心理衛生與輔導會議論文集。</li><li>羅燦煐(民88)。事出有因,情有可原?台灣青少年對約會強暴之寬容性研究。中華心理衛生學刊第十二卷第一期1999年</li><li>周月清(民84)。婚姻暴力。巨流。</li><li>余漢儀(民84)。兒童虐待--現象檢視與問題反思。巨流。</li><li>李宗派(民82)。性侵害的問題與處置。社會工作論叢(二)。</li><li>洪文惠(民82)。與受虐兒童及家長晤談。社會工作論叢(二)。</li><li>陳若璋(民82)。兒童青少年性侵害防治與輔導手冊。張老師出版社。</li><li>陳若璋(民82)。家庭暴力防治與輔導手冊。張老師出版社。</li><li>陳皎眉(民84)。受害人的心理與輔導。八十四年性侵害服務相關機構工作人員訓練暨研討會研習手冊。現代婦女基金會。</li><li>陳美鈴(民83)。校園兒童保護個案之處理--以國小國中為例。台灣省兒童少保護種子研習。台灣省政府教育廳彙編。</li><li>江幸慧(民83)。兒童少年保護個案之處理。台灣省兒童少年保護種子研習。台灣省政府教育廳彙編。</li><li>馮燕(民83)。校園兒童保護工作。台灣省兒童少年保護種子研習。台灣省政府教育廳彙編。</li><li>翁毓秀(民83)。兒童虐待與保護概論。中華民國社區發展研究訓練中心。</li><li>Krugman, R. & Jones, D. P. H.(1987)。鄭基慧譯(民83)。近親相姦暨其他方式的性侵害。受虐兒童--美國如何防治兒童受虐。中華兒童福利基金會。</li><li>Barker, R. L. (1991) The Social Work Dictionary. N.A.S.W. Press.</li><li>Burwell, N. Y. (1995) Human Diversity and Empowerment In Johnson, H. W. & contributors, The Social Services: An Introduction. F.E. Peacock Publishers, Inc.</li><li>Coffey, P., Leitenberg, H., Kenning, K., Turner, T., & Bennett, R. T. (1996). Mediators of the Long-Term Impact of Child Sexual Abuse: Perceived Stigma, Betrayal, Powerlessness, and Self-blame. Child Abuse & Neglect, 20(5), pp. 447-455.</li><li>Corby, B. (1993) Child Abuse: Towards a Knowledge Base. Open University Press.</li><li>Darke, J. L. (1990) Sexual Aggression: Achieving Power through Humiliation. In Marshall, W. L., Laws, D. R. & Barbaree, H. E. (eds.) Handbook of Sexual Assault: Issues, Theories, and Treatment of the Offender. Plenum Press.</li><li>Dempster., H. L.(1993) The Aftermath of Child Sexual Abuse: Women's Perspectives. In Waterhouse, L. (ed.), Child Abuse and Child Abusers. Jessica Kingsley Publishers.</li><li>DuBois, B, & Miley,K.K. (1996). Social Work: An Empowering Profession. Allyn and Bacon.</li><li>Faller, K. C. (1988) Child Sexual Abuse: An Interdisciplinary Manual for Diagnosis, Case management and Treatment. Columbia University Press.</li><li>Geffner, R. (1992). Current Issues and Future Directions in Child Sexual Abuse. J. of Child Sexual Abuse, 1(1), pp. 1-14.</li><li>Glaser, D. & Frosh, S. (1988) Child Sexual Abuse. Macmillan Education.</li><li>Gutierrez, L. M. (1990) Working with Women of Color: An Empowerment Perspective. Social Work ,35(2), pp. 149~153.</li><li>Hallett, C. (1993). Working Together in Child Protection. In Waterhouse, L. (ed.), Child Abuse and Child Abusers. Jessica Kingsley Publishers. pp. 139-153.</li><li>Hegar, R. L. & Hunzeker, J. M. (1988) Moving toward Empowerment-based Practice in Public Child Welfare. Social Work ,33(6), pp. 499~502.</li><li>Hepworth, D. H. & Larsen, J. (1993) Direct Social Work Practice: Theory and Skills. Brooks/Cole Publishing Co.</li><li>Herman, J. L. (1990) Sex Offenders : A Feminist Perspective. In Marshall, W. L., Laws, D. R. & Barbaree, H. E. (eds.), Handbook of Sexual Assault: Issues, Theories, and Treatment of the Offender. Plenum Press.</li><li>Herrenkohl, R.C. (1990) Research Directions Related to Child Abuse and Neglect. In Ammerman ,R.T. & Hersen, M. (ed.), Children at Risk: An Evaluation of Factors Contributing to Child Abuse and Neglect. Plenum Press.</li><li>Hutter, M. (1981) The Changing Family: Comparative Perspectives. John Wiley & Sons.</li><li>Johnson, K. (1989) Trauma in the Lives of Children. Macmilian Education Ltd.</li><li>Diagnostic Criteria from DSM-IV. (1994) American Psychiatric Asso.</li><li>Kempe, C. H., Franklin, A. W. & Cooper, C. (1978). Recent Developments in the Field of Child Abuse. The Abused Child in the Family & in the Community. Pergamon Press.</li><li>Kempe, R.S. & Kempe, C.H. (1984) The Common Secret: Sexual Abuse of Children and Adolescents. W. H. Freeman and Co., N.Y.</li><li>Koss, M.P. & Harvey, M. R. (1991) The Rape Victim: Clinical and Community Interventions. Sage Pub.</li><li>Kouno, A. & Johnson, C. F., (1995). Child Abuse and Neglect in Japan: Coin-operated-locker Babies. Child Abuse & Neglect, 19(1), pp. 25-31.</li><li>Lloyd, S.(1993) Facing the Facts: Self-Help as a Response to Childhood Sexual Abuse. In Waterhouse, L. (ed.), Child Abuse and Child Abusers. Jessica Kingsley Publishers.</li><li>Mannarino, A. P. & Cohen, J. A. (1990) Treating the Abused Child. In Ammerman ,R.T. & Hersen, M. (ed.), Children at Risk: An Evaluation of Factors Contributing to Child Abuse and Neglect. Plenum Press.</li><li>Mayhall, P.D., & Norgard, K. E. (1983). Child Abuse and Neglect: Sharing Responsibility. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.</li><li>Orten, J. D. & Rich, L. L. (1988). A Model for Assessment of Incestuous Families. Social Casework. pp. 611-618.</li><li>Patten, S.B., Gatz,Y. K., Jones, B. & Thomas, D. L. (1989) Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and the Treatment of Sexual Abuse. Social Work ,34(3), pp. 197~203.</li><li>Renvoize, J. (1993) Innocence Destroyed : A Study of Child Sexual Abuse. A Tavistock/Routledge Publication.</li><li>Rowan, A. B., Foy, D. W., & Rodgiguez, N. & Ryan, S. (1993), Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in a Clinical Sample of Adults Sexually Abused as Children. Child Abuse & Neglect. 18, pp. 51-61.</li><li>Russell, D. E. H. (1984) Sexual Exploitation: Rape, Child Sexual Abuse, and Workplace Harassment. Sage Pub.</li><li>Simon, B. L.,(1994.) The Empowerment Tradition in American Social Work: A History. Columbia University Press.</li><li>Starr, R. H.,Jr., Dubowitz, H. & Bush, B. A. (1990) Epidemiology of Maltreatment . In Ammerman ,R.T. & Hersen, M. (ed.), Children at Risk: An Evaluation of Factors Contributing to Child Abuse and Neglect. Plenum Press.</li><li>The State of America's Children (1992). Children's Defense Fund.</li><li>Tower, C. C. (1989) Understanding Child Abuse and Neglect. Allyn and Bacon.</li><li>Vander Mey, B. J. & Neff, R. L. (1986) Incest as Child Abuse: Research and Applications. Praeger.</li><li>Wolfe, D. A., Sas, L., & Wekerle, C. (1994). Factors Associated with the Development of Postraumatic Stress Disorder among Child Victims of Sexual Abuse. Child Abuse & Neglect.18, pp. 37-50.<p><br /></p></li></ul></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-683113784628470050.post-79629752699508936612022-08-05T03:10:00.002-07:002022-08-10T20:46:25.111-07:00讓人行動的劇場課<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 11.0; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd; text-indent: 110.45pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "simsun"; font-size: 10pt;">劇場和社會轉化工作坊</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"> </span></b><b><span style="font-family: "simsun"; font-size: 10pt;">反思日誌</span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "simsun"; font-size: 10pt;">文:世新大學社發所</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"> </span></b><b><span style="font-family: "simsun"; font-size: 10pt;">奧宇</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">.</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "simsun"; font-size: 10pt;">巴萬</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
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<span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">在電視</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">、</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">電影圈混過短短一年多,雖然沒有很了解這樣的環境,但大致可以知道這個圈子在完成一個節目和一部電影會需要什麼分工、技術跟所謂的鏡頭要求</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">;</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">但這一年多卻無法跟</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">自己</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">研究所的生活搭上線</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">。難道</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">現在可以說是夢寐以求嗎?終於等到可以吸引筆者的課程,即便以前講座課也有社運紀錄片的課,不過那是圍繞在社運人怎麼行動?怎麼我都沒啥感覺。記得上學期才剛修完影像紀錄的課程,這學期終於讓我修到民眾劇場的課,一次來的太多太急,有種受寵若驚的感覺,都不知道怎麼接招。筆者自覺還有很多功課要去學習,所以才會想要去嘗試更多可能性,畢竟它是跟自己有一點點相關,甚至之後可能都是成為之後回到部落可以用的武器。</span><br />
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<span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">對筆者來說,文化行動大大的涵蓋太多領域了,目前</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">已經</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">涉獵了戲劇、音樂、剪輯、舞蹈及創作,不過都不算專精,都還在</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">初學</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的階段,不過民眾劇場其實是</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">我</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">最想也最深刻想要探索的,</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">因為</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">這些其實都是互關聯且是可以集成更大的力量。</span></div>
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<span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">回想以色列講師</span><span lang="EN-US">Peter Harris </span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">一句讓筆者印象深刻的話:「一個好的劇場應該要讓人覺得不舒服,進而形成人們去改變當下</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">環境</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">或事件的動力。」一部不管什麼樣形式的作品不能只是</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">讓人</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">感動,而是產生讓觀賞的人想去做點什麼的力量;哪怕只是在生活中去改變一點點可以使世界趨向好的事情;這不就是被壓迫者劇場</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">和受壓迫者教育學</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">所要討論的方式嗎!</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></div>
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<span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">說到被壓迫者劇場,本人尚未有實際的經驗,不過姑且可以從課堂上去反省自己生活中正在執行的文化行動:怎樣在我的作品中也有讓人有要想行動的可能?如被壓迫者劇場的方法論「從觀眾→觀演者,去改變被壓迫的關係,戲劇有了一個鏡面的效應,讓人看到,並嘗試改變</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">,產生對話</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">。」不論什麼樣形式的劇場,</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">論壇劇場</span><span lang="EN-US">or</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">被壓迫者劇場</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">是一種工具,</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">希望最後產出的那個戲劇是可以讓在公共空間</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">很輕易的很直接的被看到。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">他們</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; text-indent: 24pt;">(編註:受壓迫者)擁</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">有這個戲劇,</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; text-indent: 24pt;">這</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">是他</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">們</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">共同</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">產出</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; text-indent: 24pt;">、</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">共同參與</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; text-indent: 24pt;">的創作作品</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">,是</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; text-indent: 24pt;">透過</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">對話的交流,去對抗或是去爭取</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; text-indent: 24pt;">改變</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">事件的結果,開啟一個探討的方式或發生</span><span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: 24pt;">(</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">也等同於預演</span><span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: 24pt;">)</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">,透過被壓迫者</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; text-indent: 24pt;">劇場</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">去感覺</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; text-indent: 24pt;">、去覺察那些在現實生活中</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">不舒服的感覺,</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; text-indent: 24pt;">促使我</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">會想要去做討論甚至是吵架,其實就有</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; text-indent: 24pt;">了劇場</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">的價值</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">,</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">可以從戲劇中去認識跟自己有關係的議題,甚至是去改變去發生,</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">為自己發聲!</span></div>
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<span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">這也讓筆者想到前陣子去菲律賓參加國際人權與抗爭活動</span><span lang="EN-US">(International Festival of People</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">’</span><span lang="EN-US">s Right and
Struggles(IFPRID))</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,我參加其中的文化行動</span><span lang="EN-US">(People’s Art)</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,當時認為自己非常地渺小,甚至於什麼都不懂,可是,靠著那一顆熱愛自己土地的心,足以學習任何事務。總而言之,套一句當時大家所說︰「如果只有感動,沒有行動,這樣的旅程也只是走馬看花而已。」。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">嚴格來說,這一次的</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; text-indent: 24pt;">工作坊課程</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">活動也帶給筆者很多的反省與內在的感動,但是,如何把這樣的感動轉化為行動,這是</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; text-indent: 24pt;">我</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">下一個階段的人生志業,也許這一個志業可能是整個人生的志業也說不定。</span><br />
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<span face="標楷體" style="text-indent: 24pt;">在美學空間中</span><span face="標楷體" lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: 24pt;">,</span><span face="標楷體" style="text-indent: 24pt;">知識的獲得是來自感官,而不僅僅是頭腦。</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: "simsun"; text-indent: 192pt;">——</span><span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: 192pt;">Boal: Properties of the Aesthetic Space </span><span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: 24pt;">Boal</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">這話說的沒錯,</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; text-indent: 24pt;">在</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">課程及參加菲律賓的活動</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; text-indent: 24pt;">中</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">,</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; text-indent: 24pt;">筆者</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">認為自己還有很多的地方需要學習和進步,相信不只是靠著那一顆熱忱的心去學習任何事務,更進一步要了解問題背後的真相是什麼,然後進一步去分析、再行動,行動後還必須評估,作為下次</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; text-indent: 24pt;">執行</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">的依據。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "simsun"; text-indent: 24pt;">我</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">想到一個菲裔美國人說的一句話:「文化行動者不能只懂藝術,還要是組織者,也要是一個研究者。」這一句話重重地打了我一巴掌,如果要回到原住民族樂舞或是劇場的領域,不能只懂文化的層面,還要有培力的能力,以及對過去、現在和未來的文化背景做更深一層的分析問題及研究</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; text-indent: 24pt;">。</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">嚴格來說,這幾個月所接觸</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; text-indent: 24pt;">所學習的</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">,</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; text-indent: 24pt;">給予</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">筆者</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; text-indent: 24pt;">許多</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">的動力,但如何把這樣的感動轉化為行動,也許是一直不斷從過去到現在都在學習的志業,但是我會盡心、盡力、盡性去分析、規劃、實踐與反省。</span><br />
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<b><span face="標楷體" style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">演員不要成為只會移動的大道具、讀稿機,還需思考整個戲中角色的身體記憶</span></b><b><span face="標楷體" lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">表演,這個武器一直以為是可以很容易上手的,但卻不然,</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">它</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">對筆者刺了一劍,點醒、刺激、激勵筆者,即便痛卻深刻。在身體的反應表達,因為導演跟演員有不同的身體經驗,所以中間有一個很大的溝通,這是經歷演員工作屢次意識到</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">的</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">,演員要時時刻刻、無時無刻進</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">入戲劇裡面的主角當下的狀態、心情,讓筆者意識到:「</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">不能一無所有的演,故事文本與生命反應要怎麼做結合,還有</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">身體的能量與控制,</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">無論是</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">踩滿油門的法拉利、踩緊煞車都要是能量的最大</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">值</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">」。</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">怎麼縮</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">、</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">放很重要,不只是身體的能</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">量,還有生命的能量,應該給觀眾有除了感官的衝擊,還要讓觀眾有心靈</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">的衝擊</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,當演員影響觀眾的心靈,他也會去做</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">他</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">生活中的反省,去做一些改變</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">這也是筆者的</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">功課</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">,除了功能性的</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">表演</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">技術要熟練,更重要的是把事件看得很脈絡</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">化</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">,架構很清楚,還有表演的時候身體記憶也是很重要的,筆者希望在這堂課可以好好的學習怎麼樣運用</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">被</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">壓迫者劇場這個工具,使自己在演出或是製作作品的同時去影響別人,把自己的能量放到最大</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">值</span><span face=""新細明體" , serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">,看來有得忙了!</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0台灣23.69781 120.9605149999999916.2584125 110.6333665 31.137207500000002 131.28766349999998tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-683113784628470050.post-7737870606427045172022-02-20T01:44:00.000-08:002022-02-20T01:44:55.463-08:00劇場 作為發聲工具<p> </p><p>轉載自《生命力新聞》</p><div class="" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8); font-family: medium-content-sans-serif-font, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif;"><h1 class="pw-post-title hf hg hh cg hi hj hk hl hm hn ho hp hq hr hs ht hu hv hw hx hy hz ia ib ic id et" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="fc22" style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #292929; font-family: sohne, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 32px; letter-spacing: -0.016em; line-height: 40px; margin: 0.6em 0px -0.27em;">被壓迫者劇場 使弱勢者透視自我</h1></div><p class="pw-post-body-paragraph ie if hh ig b ih ii ij ik il im in io ip iq ir is it iu iv iw ix iy iz ja jb ha et" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="d162" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #292929; font-family: charter, Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 20px; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 32px; margin: 2em 0px -0.46em; word-break: break-word;">【記者謝佩珊、楊婷華╱台北市報導】「我們的夢想是否可以出發,在我們的心裡,永遠都可以飛;像雪白的雲朵,掛在天空,永不掉落」,熾熱的豔陽下,傳來陣陣鏗鏘有力的字句,這是台東鐵花村二十位原住民孩子的聲音;他們在「臺灣被壓迫者劇場推展中心」的協助下,透過戲劇,發掘了自己極少察覺的內心以及對未來的期望;藉由彼此分享煩惱、回憶往昔經歷的過程中,逐步發現自己受到的「壓力」,可能來自父母的期待,或是對未來的迷惘等;進而思考如何改變,為壓力找一個出口。</p><figure class="jc jd je jf fy jg" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; clear: both; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8); font-family: medium-content-sans-serif-font, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif; margin: 56px 0px 0px;"><div class="m l cj" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: auto; position: relative;"><div class="jh ji l" style="box-sizing: inherit; height: 0px; padding-bottom: 388.938px;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="eg aq as ag dq" frameborder="0" height="480" scrolling="auto" src="https://cdn.embedly.com/widgets/media.html?src=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fembed%2FVmz7H0ioNcU%3Ffeature%3Doembed&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DVmz7H0ioNcU&image=https%3A%2F%2Fi.ytimg.com%2Fvi%2FVmz7H0ioNcU%2Fhqdefault.jpg&key=d04bfffea46d4aeda930ec88cc64b87c&type=text%2Fhtml&schema=youtube" style="box-sizing: inherit; height: 388.938px; left: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 692px;" title="被壓迫者劇場 使弱勢者透視自我" width="854"></iframe></div></div></figure><p class="pw-post-body-paragraph ie if hh ig b ih ii ij ik il im in io ip iq ir is it iu iv iw ix iy iz ja jb ha et" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="619a" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #292929; font-family: charter, Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 20px; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 32px; margin: 2em 0px -0.46em; word-break: break-word;"><span class="ig hi" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">藉遊戲練習 喚醒自我意識</span><br style="box-sizing: inherit;" /><br style="box-sizing: inherit;" />被壓迫者劇場的先驅為巴西的劇作家奧古斯圖.波瓦(Augusto Boal),他強調以「劇場遊戲」的方式,協助一般民眾參與融入,經過一段時間的肢體探索與即興練習後,讓他們用日常生活的故事或具有議題性的話題作為主軸,編劇並親自參演一齣戲劇。<br style="box-sizing: inherit;" /><br style="box-sizing: inherit;" />「臺灣被壓迫者劇場推展中心」(Centre of Theatre of the Oppressed, Taiwan),簡稱TO中心,現任執行長萬佩萱於二○○三年時在北京無意間接觸到被壓迫者劇場,並參與了種子師資的培訓,這是她首次接觸到被壓迫者劇場,並且對劇場工作坊過程中的民主、開放對話理念感同身受;產生興趣後,萬佩萱在北京大學攻讀完教育碩士學位後,便決定將被壓迫者劇場帶回台灣、投入弱勢社群中,讓人們在戲劇工作坊找回自己的聲音,期間也到中國內陸和台灣偏鄉舉辦多場戲劇工作坊和種子師資培訓;更於二○○九年創立TO中心,並與國外TO相關組織以及國際非營利機構進行雙向交流、連結與合作。</p><p class="pw-post-body-paragraph ie if hh ig b ih ii ij ik il im in io ip iq ir is it iu iv iw ix iy iz ja jb ha et" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="c859" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #292929; font-family: charter, Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 20px; letter-spacing: -0.003em; line-height: 32px; margin: 2em 0px -0.46em; word-break: break-word;">鐵花村的原民孩子們正進行著「夢想的豐收」展演。(圖片由TO中心提供)<br style="box-sizing: inherit;" /><br style="box-sizing: inherit;" /><span class="ig hi" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">跳脫劇場思維 戲劇作為發聲工具</span><br style="box-sizing: inherit;" /><br style="box-sizing: inherit;" />TO中心負責人郭江龍說,中心成立的宗旨是希望透過戲劇,讓弱勢者,例如:青少年、原住民、新移民配偶、勞工、婦女等可以有發聲的管道。他表示:「我們不是一個『劇場』,不會在固定的地點演出」,相反的,TO中心會到各地舉辦工作坊,讓報名者成為演員,劇情針對人們關心的議題,並在社群聚會的任何空間,如公園、操場、稻穀場、教室…進行演出。對他們來說,戲演得好不好是其次,「戲劇」只是一個工具,透過演戲使弱勢者自己察覺受到了壓迫,並將感受、情緒以及故事外顯,使其他人能夠感同身受。<br style="box-sizing: inherit;" /><br style="box-sizing: inherit;" />而帶領這些民眾演員覺察自我的重要任務,則由種子師資擔任。作為種子師資,必須意識到自己並非權威者,而是引導者,在引導的過程中,要抱持著「每一個人都是一個獨立主體」的想法,而不以一個既定標準去侷限民眾想法的表達。<br style="box-sizing: inherit;" /><br style="box-sizing: inherit;" /><span class="ig hi" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">關懷在地青年 未來關注同志議題</span><br style="box-sizing: inherit;" /><br style="box-sizing: inherit;" />TO中心於二○一二年十二月啟動「偏鄉青少年夢想的豐收計畫」,在台東鐵花村展開第一階段「夢想戲劇工作坊」活動,一共有八十四位青少年參加。最初先由種子師資向青少年提問,例如:「你們的青春是什麼樣的?」,引導他們回想自己對生活是否有不滿意之處、為何不滿意、形成壓力的來源等等,藉由意見的表達,使青少年能拋開心理上的束縛,進行遊戲。遊戲目的在於解放身體、並且使感官更敏銳,進而提升想像力及創造力。<br style="box-sizing: inherit;" /><br style="box-sizing: inherit;" />除了引導孩子們找尋其內心苦悶的來源,並思考自己未來的夢想;TO中心也將八十四本青少年書寫下的想法集結成的「夢想筆記本」,根據其內容編輯成劇本。在分享的過程中,其中一位少女林昱如說,從小看著自己長大的阿公,年紀已經很大了,但因為父母都要上班無暇照顧,只好將阿公送往養老院,在她參加排練期間,˙阿公已經過世,令她非常難過;劇本中也將此故事收錄,使民眾在觀賞戲劇同時自問,可以為家庭作何付出。<br style="box-sizing: inherit;" /><br style="box-sizing: inherit;" />TO中心除了將「夢想筆記本」展出外,也由工作坊中自願報名的二十位都蘭國中、泰源國中和池上國中生作為演員及合唱團,歷經兩個月密集演員訓練、合唱練習,在二0一三年五月二十六日代表八十四位「夢想戲劇工作坊」青少年在鐵花村舞台上演出「夢想的豐收」,用表演開啟了與師生、親子和同儕間的對話,實踐了針對台東在地青少年的「發聲計畫」,進一步引導觀眾透過戲劇與藝術活動,和青少年的心聲做連結。<br style="box-sizing: inherit;" /><br style="box-sizing: inherit;" />TO中心除了在全台各地舉辦工作坊,也與各國際組織積極合作,他們表示,透過與各個團體合作、交流,可以激發不同的想法,並且不斷檢視自己對被壓迫者劇場的感想及作法。而在協助弱勢者傾聽自己時,TO中心的種子師資及志工們同時可以獲得感動及回饋,在交流過程中,弱勢者們也成為了他們學習的對象。從二○○三年到現在,TO中心關注的對象從青少年、婦女、新移民等逐漸擴大;未來,他們計畫朝同志議題作努力,用戲劇對話,真誠的面對自己和他人,同時TO中心也預備針對心理諮商師、社工和非營利組織工作者進行種子師資培訓,讓被壓迫者劇場深入社會各個層面協助個案面對創傷、困境生出改變的力量,落實TO是陪伴與培力的教育工具。<br style="box-sizing: inherit;" /><br /></p><p><br /></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-683113784628470050.post-30352316422026444472021-01-23T01:22:00.000-08:002021-01-23T01:22:48.524-08:00【誰可以介入取代被壓迫的角色?】 認識論壇劇場 之一 <span style="color: #111111; font-family: SimSun; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">文: 萬佩萱 台灣被壓迫者劇場推展中心</span><br />
<span style="color: #111111; font-family: SimSun; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<span style="color: #111111; font-family: SimSun; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;"><span style="color: #741b47;"><strong>論壇劇場這兩年儼然成為台灣劇院之外風行的表演形式之一。</strong></span></span><br />
<strong style="color: #741b47;">但是,說到底什麼是論壇劇場?</strong><br />
<strong style="color: #741b47;">它的目的為何?</strong><br />
<strong style="color: #741b47;">它的藝術性?</strong><br />
<strong style="color: #741b47;">它的編劇?</strong><br />
<strong style="color: #741b47;">Joker的角色定位?</strong><br />
<strong style="color: #741b47;">以及更多其它提問。</strong><br />
<span style="color: #111111; font-family: SimSun; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<span style="color: #111111; font-family: SimSun; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">讓我們從論壇劇場結構中『觀演者介入演出』的地方 扒開、切入,</span><span style="color: #111111; font-family: SimSun; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">釐清並解構博奧(Augusto Boal)</span><span style="color: #111111; font-family: SimSun; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">這套</span><span style="color: #111111; font-family: SimSun; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">在台灣優渥社會環境成長中的人們將之</span><span style="color: #111111; font-family: SimSun; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">複雜化、專家化的消費外衣之下,</span>單純、直接又蘊含無與倫比爆發力的『行動的預演』。<br />
<span style="color: #111111; font-family: SimSun; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
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<span style="color: #4c1130; font-family: SimSun; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;"><b>誰可以介入(論壇劇場)取代被壓迫的角色?</b></span><br />
<span style="color: #111111; font-family: SimSun; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<a name='more'></a><strong>論壇劇場演出受壓迫者被壓迫的真實狀況。</strong><br />
<span face=""新細明體","serif"" style="color: #111111; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">只有</span><span style="color: #111111; font-family: SimSun; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">那些</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #111111; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"> </span><span face=""新細明體","serif"" style="color: #111111; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">與角色有過</span><span face=""新細明體","serif"" style="color: #111111; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">相同</span><span style="color: #111111; font-family: SimSun; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">或類似</span><span face=""新細明體","serif"" style="color: #111111; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">受壓迫</span><span style="color: #111111; font-family: SimSun; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">經驗</span><span face=""新細明體","serif"" style="color: #111111; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">的觀演者*,能替代被壓迫的角色尋找新</span><span style="color: #111111; font-family: SimSun; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">的辦法,或</span><span face=""新細明體","serif"" style="color: #111111; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">解放形式。</span><br />
<span face=""新細明體","serif"" style="color: #111111; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<span face=""新細明體","serif"" style="color: #111111; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">論壇劇場</span><span style="color: #111111; font-family: SimSun; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">意圖找尋解決辦法,而非僅僅是為了表演。</span><br />
<span style="color: #111111; font-family: SimSun; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: #111111; font-family: SimSun; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">觀演者(他</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: #111111; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">/</span><span style="color: #111111; font-family: SimSun; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">她們對角色的壓迫感同身受)因而能<strong><span style="color: #660000;">在介入的同一時刻,『練習』</span></strong>現實生活中自我防衛</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: #111111; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">/</span><span style="color: #111111; font-family: SimSun; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">抵抗的行動。</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #111111; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"> <span lang="EN-US"><br />
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</span></span><span face=""新細明體","serif"" style="color: #111111; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">若觀演者</span><span style="color: #111111; font-family: SimSun; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">沒有</span><span face=""新細明體","serif"" style="color: #111111; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">相同的</span><span style="color: #111111; font-family: SimSun; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">被壓迫</span><span face=""新細明體","serif"" style="color: #111111; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">經歷,卻</span><span style="color: #111111; font-family: SimSun; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">臆想</span><span style="color: #111111; font-family: SimSun; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">取代</span><span face=""新細明體","serif"" style="color: #111111; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">被壓迫</span><span style="color: #111111; font-family: SimSun; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">者介入演出</span><span face=""新細明體","serif"" style="color: #111111; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">,我們無妨</span><span style="color: #111111; font-family: SimSun; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">稱它為</span><span face=""新細明體","serif"" style="color: #111111; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">一</span><span style="color: #111111; font-family: SimSun; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">齣胸懷善意的</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: #111111; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">“</span><span face=""新細明體","serif"" style="color: #111111; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">忠告</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: #111111; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">”</span><span face=""新細明體","serif"" style="color: #111111; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">劇場:一場</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: #111111; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">“</span><span face=""新細明體","serif"" style="color: #111111; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">教</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: #111111; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">”別</span><span face=""新細明體","serif"" style="color: #111111; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">人</span><span style="color: #111111; font-family: SimSun; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">應該</span><span face=""新細明體","serif"" style="color: #111111; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">怎</span><span style="color: #111111; font-family: SimSun; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">麼</span><span face=""新細明體","serif"" style="color: #111111; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">做</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-US" style="color: #111111; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">——</span><span face=""新細明體","serif"" style="color: #111111; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">傳福音一般</span><span style="color: #111111; font-family: SimSun; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">的戲碼</span><span face=""新細明體","serif"" style="color: #111111; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">。</span><br />
<span face=""新細明體","serif"" style="color: #111111; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;"><br /></span>
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<span face=""新細明體","serif"" style="color: #111111; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">*論壇劇場的觀眾被賦予介入演出採取策略改變劇情的權力,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">Augusto Boal</span><span style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">為此創造一個新的詞彙,稱論壇劇場的觀眾(觀眾</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">spectator/</span><span style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">演員</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt;">Actor</span><span style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)為『觀演者』。</span></span></h4><div><span face=""新細明體","serif"" style="color: #111111; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></span></div><div><span face=""新細明體","serif"" style="color: #111111; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></span></div><div><span face=""新細明體","serif"" style="color: #111111; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-family: SimSun; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></span></div><div><span face=""新細明體","serif"" style="color: #111111; font-size: 12pt; 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台灣被壓迫者劇場推展中心http://www.blogger.com/profile/10291369655404492262noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-683113784628470050.post-18178854983974420022020-10-26T01:29:00.000-07:002023-07-05T22:15:57.947-07:00論壇劇場的美學思辨與操作技術<p> 本文經作者郭慶亮先生與美育雙月刊 同意</p><p>轉載於台灣被壓迫者劇場推展中心官網</p><p>前往連結:<a href="https://ed.arte.gov.tw/uploadfile/periodical/3379_14.pdf" target="_blank">論壇劇場的美學思辨與操作技術</a></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p>
<iframe allow="autoplay" height="1200" src="https://drive.google.com/file/d/18OgyhQdUmGycG3yAUKxknwmh40lyUHk3/preview" width="100%"></iframe>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-683113784628470050.post-12139559367949562282020-09-15T04:40:00.001-07:002020-09-15T04:40:23.058-07:00看妳不爽,然後?-當性別遇見受壓迫者劇場文/ 黃斐新<br />
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大方承認吧,我們對很多事情不爽。<br />
正在讀《性別平等教育季刊》的妳,相信一定對性別歧視或校園霸凌不爽很久了。<br />
但然後呢?<br />
妳是挺身而出去改變現狀的其中之一嗎?<br />
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當性別遇見受壓迫者劇場,如何親身體會性別歧視,我們在劇場彩排所有面對壓迫的方法。這次讓嘴巴休息,用身體做性別。<br />
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2011年9月22日台灣被壓迫者劇場推展中心邀請以色列Tel Aviv戲劇藝術系講師/社區劇場文化行動者Peter Harris教授訪台並主辦『美學空間的批判意識』座談會 。介紹巴西戲劇作家奧古斯都.波瓦 ( Augusto Boal)的受壓迫者劇場 ,以及分享他十年來如何在弱勢族群社區中,用劇場工作坊建立對話,破除偏見。<br />
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<a name='more'></a>接著在2011年9月24、25日Harris帶領「與偏見相遇」美學空間的人際對話工作坊。實地練習受壓迫者劇場技巧,學習意識「錯誤」 。邀請觀眾從觀看者變成觀演者,成為演員,踏出舒適圈親身參與劇情去改變現狀。<br />
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Harris表示傳統劇場形式其實也是一種壓迫,演員站在明亮舞台發聲,觀眾默默坐在黑暗裡,接受劇情發展,有錢買票看戲但沒有機會改變劇情。因此受壓迫者劇場要做的是跨越界線,創造對話空間,它是藝術表演的美學空間,更是大眾參與的公共空間。由觀眾生命經驗出發的即興短劇,裡面有衝突、不安、對立,大膽挑戰我們習以為常的若無其事。第一步就是呼喚觀眾在看到自己覺得不舒服的場景,喊出「STOP」,停止該場景,由觀眾扮演取代劇中的被壓迫者轉化成為踏上舞台的觀演者,親身給失聲的角色能量,用它想要的方式發展劇情,其它演員需要傾聽和立即回應。<br />
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受壓迫者劇場有血有肉有溫度,別人的故事,可能就是我們的生命。坐在底下不再輕鬆,不再期待會有人來解決問題,每個人都要對劇情負責。如果自己不喊停,劇情就會繼續發展。<br />
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由個人經驗帶出社會議題、意識型態抗爭,在劇場累積現實中面對的力量。觀眾藉由扮演被壓迫者,集體發想如何對抗壓迫者,嘗試各種回應,用直接面對來取代害怕和恐懼。因此受壓迫者劇場隨國家、風俗文化、觀眾特質改變,主題更是多元呼應各文化對人民影響至深的價值觀。<br />
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以公車站為場景,一位女大學生剛下課,坐在公車站,準備搭最後一班公車回家,此時一位男子接近女學生,想要跟她發生性關係,先是口頭搭訕,不成反用暴力,強拉女學生離開。Harris扮演主持人Joker 連接觀眾與戲劇,邀請觀眾喊停。<br />
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座談會和工作坊中喊停的觀眾都是生理女性。有人對男子放聲尖叫、打電話跟父親報備、正面拉扯或乾脆離開公車站。Harris指出以上方法,並沒有和壓迫者產生衝突、對話或改變互動關係,甚至達到女學生原本想搭車的目的。因此他說參與劇中的「錯誤」,最重要的是使受壓迫者發聲,達成目的,而非躲避衝突。<br />
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我也上去扮演女學生,原本以為用暴力會成功解危,於是先發制人攻擊男同學,試一次不行就放棄了,結果被男同學拉走。眼見底下沒人喊停,看著大家任憑我被拉走,才第一次親身體會到什麼叫恐懼。終於,有一位觀眾以柔克剛,繼續留在座位,溫柔而堅強地表達感受,但一方面也同理壓迫者的處境,對他說:「我們可以互相認識當朋友,但請妳不要動手。」原本設定角色性格飢渴又暴力的男同學,竟然也坐下來,開始跟女學生對話。壓迫者跟被壓迫者的關係改變了。<br />
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另一齣戲談單身歧視,過年家族團聚,事業有成、家庭美滿的哥哥,開轎車載老婆孩子回家,家人全圍在哥哥身邊,完全忽略騎機車剛進門的單身妹妹。被冷落的小妹打開電視,新聞正報導少子化「問題」起因於單身女性,總統呼籲應提高到國家安全層級。最後圍爐這一幕,小妹再也受不了,放下碗筷,大喊:「這是我的人生,干妳們什麼事。」<br />
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演出社會刻板印象同時,我們再次建構,但又從中解構。扛著當權者打造的框架,拿起鐵鎚用力粉碎偏見。座談會和工作坊的角色代表社會灌輸我們對性別應有的預設,事業有成的哥哥、單身貧窮女性、無知需要被保護的女學生、叨叨唸的家庭主婦、追求理想的男學生。起初擔心角色設定會加深刻板印象,但我錯了,發現原來是自己不願看見曾經受傷的自己。當時聽到扮演單身妹妹的觀演者大喊,彷彿她在為我說話,虛構角色竟然帶來力量。 <br />
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劇情取材自日常生活,反應社會一貫作法就是為社會問題找代罪羔羊,少子化因為單身女性、愛滋因為同志散播、失業潮因為移民搶工作、貧窮因為妳不努力、肥胖因為妳愛吃。將問題背後的社會脈絡抽離,劃分妳我,歸因於某屬性的個人,塑造明確敵對目標。真的是這樣嗎?受壓迫者劇場便是要挑戰我們的習慣,挑戰我們去看見,激發我們的勇氣。<br />
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走出劇場,療癒的觀演者進入現實,異質文化脈絡發展的抵抗策略,放在台灣這塊土地又會產生什麼變化?社會發展研究所所長夏曉娟老師於座談會提出省思與在地觀察,她表示美學空間如何實際干擾公共空間,才是對被壓迫者的實質幫助。加上長期或短期補助計畫總有結束的一天。在受壓迫者劇場受到再教育的民眾,一踏出門便要面對現實法律、政策、體制排擠,還有媒體、教育、習俗等各種形式傳遞的價值觀。夏曉娟老師對受壓迫者劇場的目標提問:「那麼劇場工作坊之後呢?」。<br />
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Harris從以色列文化回應,他表示工作坊結束後,民眾的確是獨自面對壓迫,但民眾已經被賦能,意識到即使是個人也有能力參與改變。筆者認為,個人從美學空間走出來,進入的人際網絡便是公共空間。相較於過去認為「公共」空間只是政治的概念,基進女性主義提出「個人的即是政治的」,提醒我們看見小個人所承載的大文化。公共空間其實就是我們的生活,它就是我們受壓迫的來源。如同Harris表示,劇場的角色代表衝突一方,是意識型態,更是各種權力的附庸者。當民眾回到家庭、學校、職場,就可以運用在劇場學到的技巧,去影響生活圈,如漣漪一波接一波。<br />
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奧古斯都.波瓦在《受壓迫者劇場》表示:<br />
「這種侵入是象徵性的越界。是所有為從我們所受壓迫之中解脫出來而應做的越界的象徵。沒有越界──當然越界不必劇烈!──沒有在習俗上、在壓迫形勢中、在劃定界線中,或者在那應該改變的法律上的越界,沒有越界就沒有解放。解放就是越界,就是改變。就是創造新的東西,創造那本不存在而後存在的東西。」<br />
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顛覆傳統性別角色、改變劇場、改變現實,妳準備好遇見偏見了嗎?<br />
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<br />台灣被壓迫者劇場推展中心http://www.blogger.com/profile/10291369655404492262noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-683113784628470050.post-27699971058790095252020-06-23T19:30:00.000-07:002020-06-23T19:30:03.879-07:00 論壇劇場 (Forum Theatre)步驟和規則 <div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="background-color: white; text-indent: -312.3pt;"> <span lang=""> </span></b><span lang="" style="background-color: white; font-size: 11pt; text-indent: -312.3pt;"> <b> <span style="color: #274e13;"> (2017修)</span></b></span><b style="background-color: white; text-indent: -312.3pt;"><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; font-size: 11pt;"><span style="color: #274e13;">萬佩萱翻譯彙整</span></span></b><span lang="" style="background-color: white; font-size: 11pt; text-indent: -312.3pt;"><span style="color: #274e13;"> </span> </span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="" style="font-family: wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">l<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">論壇劇的劇情必須表現主角(們)面對不正義,數度採取行動反抗卻導致不堪的後果。</span><span lang=""><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="" style="font-family: wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">l<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">劇中每個角色無論在肢體(外在)或意識(内心)上都必須一致且明確。</span><span lang=""><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="" style="font-family: wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">l<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">主角(們)脫困的辦法必須包含犯了一個以上違背基本社會倫理或政治規範的“錯誤”。</span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> 這些錯誤必須在舞台上被清楚的表現出來,以便激發觀衆希望自己能夠做點什麼,嘗試改變主角因為一連串錯誤行為導致的後果</span> <span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">。</span></b></div>
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<span style="color: #990000; font-size: large;"><b><span lang="">3</span></b><b><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">、導戲</span></b></span></h4>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="" style="font-family: wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">l<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">演員們必須有能力用肢體(不是語言)進行表演</span><span style="font-family: simsun; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">;</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">能在沒有台詞的情況下,讓觀衆光用眼睛就可辨識該角色的身份和對人或事的態度。</span><span lang=""><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="" style="font-family: wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">l<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: simsun; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">主</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">角演員的服裝和道具必須簡單,以便</span><span lang="">Joker</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">將主角身上的衣物輕易脫下交給介入演出的觀演者穿戴,藉此隱喻觀演者變成劇中的主角身份。</span></b><br />
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<b><span style="color: #bf9000;"><span>(註:在論壇劇場</span><span>每一位觀衆都是可以介入舞台的</span><span style="font-family: simsun;">『</span><span>準</span><span style="font-family: simsun;">』</span><span>演員。</span><span lang="">Boal</span><span>為論壇劇場的觀衆取了個名稱【觀演者】,即觀眾同時兼具演員的身份。)</span></span><span lang="" style="color: #bf9000;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="color: #990000; font-size: large;"><b><span lang="">4</span></b><b><span>、演出(同一齣戲將演出兩遍)</span></b></span></h4>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="" style="font-family: wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">l<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang=""> </span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">首先,演完整齣戲。</span><span lang=""><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="" style="font-family: wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">l<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">第一遍演出結束後,</span><span lang="">Joker</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">問觀演者:“這齣戲說的是什麼?誰的故事?這情況可能發生嗎?”</span><span lang="">Joker</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">負責丟出各種可能的問題問觀演者。總之,他是麻煩的製造者</span><span style="font-family: simsun; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">。</span></b><br />
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<b><span style="color: #bf9000;"><span>(註:</span><span lang="">Joker</span><span>是</span><span lang="">Boal</span><span>專門為論壇劇場設計的角色,他是引導觀演者參與、討論和對話的人。)</span></span><span lang=""><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="" style="font-family: wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">l<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="">Joker</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">接著宣布:</span><span style="font-family: simsun; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">“</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">這齣戲將再演一次。</span><span style="font-family: simsun; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">”</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">並跟觀演者説明</span><span style="font-family: simsun; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">再演一次的目的是尋找和創造改變劇中主角們命運的契機,努力不讓這齣戲的結局發生。同時説明,如果沒人喊停這齣戲將按原劇情進行。</span><span lang=""><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="" style="font-family: wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">l<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="">Joker</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">鼓勵觀演者取代主角採取行動</span><span lang=""> ——</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">到舞台上,而不是坐在觀眾席</span></b><b><span lang="">——</span></b><b style="text-indent: -24pt;"><span lang=""> </span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">嘗試任何可能解決困境的辦法、策略。</span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="" style="font-family: wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">l<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">觀演者若想在某個關鍵點介入、改變主角命運,他必須先大聲喊“停”(這時,台上演員立即定格不動,等候Joker指令)</span><span style="font-family: simsun; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">。</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">然後在</span><span lang="">Joker</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的引導下進入舞台取代主角,開始演出。</span><span lang=""><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="" style="font-family: wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">l<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">被取代的演員將擔任該觀演者的協助者。劇中的其他演員必須忠於自己在劇中的角色和性格,面對觀演者進行即興的進行反應和演出,並真誠的考慮他提出的方法、策略在現實生活中被執行的可能性。</span><span lang=""><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="" style="font-family: wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">l<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">此時劇中的配角們成為新的主角(觀演者)的壓迫來源。</span><span lang=""><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="" style="font-family: wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">l<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">觀演者若放棄對抗退下舞台,原主角重返舞台按原劇情繼續演出,直到下一位觀演者喊停。</span><span lang=""><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="" style="font-family: wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">l<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="" style="font-family: simsun; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">J</span><span lang="">oker</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體, serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">是引導演員和觀眾互動的媒介。他負責說明規則、製造麻煩、挑釁觀演者、糾正錯誤、引發討論,鼓勵參與者不斷嘗試;或許最終能找到一個替代性的避免遺憾結局的辦法。</span><span lang=""><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><b>Augusto Boal, Theatre of the oppressed ,Theatre
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-683113784628470050.post-74639383255215014882020-05-14T20:27:00.000-07:002020-05-14T20:27:07.205-07:00Paulo Freire的教育哲學<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">一、<span lang="EN-US">Paulo Freire</span>的教育論點受以下四種思潮的影響<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></b></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">(一)無政府教育思想<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></b></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">無政府主義對教育的影響,自十八世紀即已開始,而此派的代表人物包括<span lang="EN-US">Goodman, Illish</span>等。他們認為教育為了訓練國家有用的公民,往往以灌輸、訓練等強迫方式去實施教育,以抹殺了學生的自主性及創造性。此派把這些教育的弊端歸因於政府在政治利益的關懷前提下,造成了國家控制教育的局面,使得教育失去了開展個人成為有創意的個體的功能(<span lang="EN-US">Elias, 1980</span>)。是以,為要確保學生能擁有成為自主性個體的機會及自由,國家必須不能干涉教育。<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Freire</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">雖沒一昧反政府涉入教育,然而他卻擷取了教育要「享有充分自由」、「要尊重個性」及「發揮人性」的主張。是以,<span lang="EN-US">Freire</span>強調教育不僅需要不受已失去人性的統治階級的宰制,更要啟迪被統治階級的自主意識,才有可能發展自主化及人性化的文化。<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">(二)馬克斯社會主義<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></b></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">馬克斯的社會階級理論立基於經濟(經濟決定論),教育是屬上層結構,所以教育並非人類歷史發展的源頭。相較於<span lang="EN-US">Freire</span>將教育視為一種「文化行動」(<span lang="EN-US">cultural action</span>),馬克斯對於教育的作用顯然是極為懷疑,馬克斯並不認為教育可以在社會主義的革命中扮演重要的角色。但馬克斯在解釋人類社會發展現象時的論點,卻成為<span lang="EN-US">Freire</span>解釋巴西當時社會現實、文化發展的基礎。<span lang="EN-US">Freire</span>從階級壓迫的觀點來說明菁英對於被壓迫大眾的操控與侵害,並將被壓迫者所接受的教育視為統治階級塑造意識型態的工作。<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Freire</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">在他的著作中常常使用馬克思主義的名詞,包括「虛假意識」(<span lang="EN-US">false consciousness</span>)、異化(<span lang="EN-US">alienation</span>)、階級鬥爭(<span lang="EN-US">class struggle</span>)、文化革命(<span lang="EN-US">cultural revolution</span>)等觀念來說明傳統教育內容中所可能產生的弊病。<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">(三)左派弗洛伊德主義<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></b></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">左派弗洛依德的觀點是對於弗洛依德(<span lang="EN-US">S. Freud</span>)所提出的心理分析學說進行了社會性的修正。他們認為弗洛依德的理論固然有助於洞察人的本質,但仍不能據此改變社會結構與價值,反而是試圖藉由精神治療方式來幫助個人「適應」既有社會體制。左派的弗洛依德學者因此認為,精神分析的目的應在是在建構一個平等、自由與人性不被壓抑的社會,而不是在使個人重新適應社會。雷奇(<span lang="EN-US">W. Reich</span>)認為被剝削的個體,並不一定像馬克斯理論所預言的會明顯地反抗剝削。個體在長期被壓制、被權威灌輸的社會情況,漸漸的形成了根深蒂固的接受權威的性格結構(<span lang="EN-US">character structure</span>),所以即使他們很清楚地知覺到被剝削的事實,仍然不會加以反抗。<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Freire</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">則採取了左派弗洛依德的學說,嘗試透過精神分析來解釋民眾雖然明知自己利益所在,卻仍不能以實踐來爭取己利,因而主張透過對話來發展出「意識化」(<span lang="EN-US">conscientization</span>),造成個人的解放,進而透過民眾的實踐 (<span lang="EN-US">praxis</span>),達成社會結構的改革與人性的解放。<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">(四)存在主義<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></b></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">第二次世界大戰之時,存在主義學者看到殘酷不安的世界及人的無助及焦慮的一面,此時只用理性是不夠的。所以存在主義學者認為應從自己的感受出發,而「個人復位」要從具體情境開始。人要在個別的行動中,創造價值,顯示人需要有充分的自由與自主,去為自己的一生做抉擇。<span lang="EN-US">Freire</span>引用存在主義「主體性」與「自由」的觀念在建立「對話教育」理想情境中。<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">二、<span lang="EN-US">Paulo Freire</span>的教育哲學(<span lang="EN-US">philosophy of education</span>)<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></b></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">(一)<span lang="EN-US">Freire</span>於「人」(<span lang="EN-US">man</span>)的基本假定(<span lang="EN-US">Freire</span>,<span lang="EN-US">1970</span>)</span></b></span><br />
<a name='more'></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span lang="EN-US"></span></span></b></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">1</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">、人(<span lang="EN-US">man</span>)是一個未完成的個體(<span lang="EN-US">uncompleted being</span>):人會意識到自己是不完美的(<span lang="EN-US">incompletion</span>);而人在這樣的意識下,會有企圖想成為「全人」(<span lang="EN-US">fully human</span>)。<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">2</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">、人有一種「存有的天職(志業)」(<span lang="EN-US">ontological vocation</span>):這個天職就是要成為一個能在世上活動及進行改造工作的主體(<span lang="EN-US">Subject</span>),惟有成為這樣的一個主體時,人才能使個人與群體的生命更加的豐富,也有更多的新的可能性。<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">3</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">、每一個人,不論是無知(<span lang="EN-US">ignorant</span>)或是被淹沒於沈默的文化中(<span lang="EN-US">culture of silence</span>),都有能力在一個與他人對話情境(<span lang="EN-US">dialogue encounter</span>)中,批判的去看他所處的世界。<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">4</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">、教育是通向永恆解放(<span lang="EN-US">permanent liberation</span>)之路:其包括兩個階段,第一個階段是,透過教育,人會「意識覺醒」<span lang="EN-US">(conscientization)</span>,覺悟到他們自己本身遭到壓迫。第二個階段是透過實踐(<span lang="EN-US">praxis=reflection + action</span>)來改變這個狀態。<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">(二)<span lang="EN-US">Education is politics</span></span></b></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Freire</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">認為真正的教育必然是一種政治行動<span lang="EN-US">(education is politics)</span>。對他而言,世上並沒有所謂中立的教育,因為教育若不是用來馴化人民,便是用來解放人民。-<span lang="EN-US"> Elias & Merriam (1980</span>:<span lang="EN-US">156)</span></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">(三)<span lang="EN-US">Education is not neutral</span>-<span lang="EN-US">Liberating education VS. Domesticating education</span></span></b></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Freire</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">認為,沒有所謂「中立的」教育過程存在。教育要不就是作為一種統整年青一代進入現存體系並且使他們能順應體系的工具-馴化教育(<span lang="EN-US">domesticating education</span>);要不然便是成為「自由的實踐」(<span lang="EN-US">practice of freedom</span>),亦即藉著教育人們可以批判地或是有創造力地去面對他們的現實,並發現如何去參與改變世界的歷程-解放教育(<span lang="EN-US">liberating education</span>)。<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">「解放教育」(<span lang="EN-US">liberating education</span>)是<span lang="EN-US">Freire</span>所提倡的教育方式,在這種教育中,其所提供的是一個公開的「論壇」,在其中學生、教師與社區可以自由地想像、實踐權力。<span lang="EN-US">1971</span>年,在寫給智利文科教師的書信中,<span lang="EN-US">Freire</span>說,「做為一個優秀的解放教育工作者。首先,必須對人有信心。你必須有愛。你必須深信教育的基本功效在於助人解放,而非被馴服。你必須深信當民眾反思宰制關係時,他們便踏上了改變自己與世界關係的第一步。」解放教育工作者秉持著這些信念,在解放教育的課堂中,從學生多元的生活情境、社會議題或學術主題中提出一批判性的問題(<span lang="EN-US">pose critical problems</span>)。教師和學生在一個互為主體的創造性對話情境(<span lang="EN-US">mutually created dialogue</span>)中學習。在這樣的過程中,所有參與教育的人(教師及學生)都能被「賦權」<span lang="EN-US">(empower)</span>。<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">被賦權的師生們,在這樣一個好探究的社會中(<span lang="EN-US">questioning society</span>),能將既存的(<span lang="EN-US">existing</span>)或被視為理所當然(<span lang="EN-US">taken-for-granted</span>)的事物問題化(<span lang="EN-US">problematize</span>)。這樣批判的方法,能使學生不至陷入沈默(<span lang="EN-US">silence</span>)及政治的異化(<span lang="EN-US">political alienation</span>)。漸漸的,傳統的課堂(<span lang="EN-US">classrooms</span>)就會終死,取代之的是一個人性化(<span lang="EN-US">humanize</span>)及解放(<span lang="EN-US">liberate</span>)的對話情境。<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">(四)填鴨式教育(<span lang="EN-US">banking</span>)與提問式教育(<span lang="EN-US">problem-posing</span>)<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></b></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-sLtPyXl9H3I/TZ2PFuVGb7I/AAAAAAAAAEY/vvSA-o25EXE/s1600/%25E5%25A1%25AB%25E9%25B4%25A8%25E6%2595%2599%25E8%2582%25B2%25E8%2588%2587%25E6%258F%2590%25E5%2595%258F%25E6%2595%2599%25E8%2582%25B2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" r6="true" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-sLtPyXl9H3I/TZ2PFuVGb7I/AAAAAAAAAEY/vvSA-o25EXE/s1600/%25E5%25A1%25AB%25E9%25B4%25A8%25E6%2595%2599%25E8%2582%25B2%25E8%2588%2587%25E6%258F%2590%25E5%2595%258F%25E6%2595%2599%25E8%2582%25B2.jpg" /></a></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">(五)教師及學生在解放教育中的關係<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></b></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">透過對話的發生,所謂的「學生的老師」與「老師的學生」不復存在,取而代之的是一種新的名詞:教師-學生(<span lang="EN-US">teacher-student</span>)與學生-教師(<span lang="EN-US">student-teachers</span>)。教師不再只是那個教導的人,而是在與學生對話的過程中,教師本身也受到了教導;學生在接受教導的過程中,學生也同時進行教導。教師與學生在共同成長的過程中同負責任。在這樣的過程中,那些以「權威」為基礎的論證不再有效。為了要能發揮功能,權威本身必須站在自由的一方,而不是反對自由。在這裡,沒有人教導另一個人,也沒有任何人是自學的。透過世界的媒介與那些可認知到的事物,人們「彼此」教導。<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">解放教育並不是截然將師生角色予以二分的。教師不是在某一時刻是認知的,在另一時刻又成為講述的。他總是在進行認知的,無論他是否在準備一個教學計畫或是正在進行與學生的對話。他並不將那些可認知的事物視為自己的私有財產,而是將其當成他自己與學生反省的對象。以此方式,解放教育可以在學生的反省中不斷更新教師的反省,而學生不再是溫馴的聆聽者。教師及學生是具有批判力的共同研究者<span lang="EN-US">(co-investigators)</span>。<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">在解放教育中對話的進行下,學生會不斷地被問及與其本身有關的問題時,他會逐漸感到受到挑戰,並且也被迫對於挑戰作出回應。學生對於挑戰的回應會引起更多的新挑戰,之後並產生新的理解。他們在這樣的過程中,亦會逐漸地發現自己的投入。<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">(六)對話教育<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></b></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">沒有人能教別人,也沒有人能教自己,而是透過人與人之間的互動,彼此教導。-<span lang="EN-US"> Freire (1970)</span></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">1</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">、對話教育的目的<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></b></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Freire</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">認為對話教育強調的是對話者間平等的對話。透過對話者間基於平等、尊重的對話歷程,對話者能開展人性的創造,擺脫非人性及壓迫,最後促成人性化、自由的社會。<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">2</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">、對話教育的步驟(王秋絨,<span lang="EN-US">2000</span>)<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></b></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">(<span lang="EN-US">1</span>)瞭解人性化的真誠教育本質。<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">(<span lang="EN-US">2</span>)選擇對話主題。<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">(<span lang="EN-US">3</span>)組織對話主題。<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">(<span lang="EN-US">4</span>)評鑑對話主題。<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">3</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">、對話的本質<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></b></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , "serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">對話是人與人之間的邂逅(<span lang="EN-US">encounter</span>),是以世界為媒介,目的是在為世界命名(<span lang="EN-US">naming the world</span>)。因為對話是人們彼此間為了命名世界所進行的邂逅,所以對話必須在一種情境中產生,在此情境中,人不能代表他人來命名。因此,對話是一種創造的行動,他不能當成一種某個人企圖去宰制他人的工具。對話中所內涵的宰制,應該是對話者「共同」對於世界的宰制,是一種人們為了追求解放所進行的對世界的征服。(<span lang="EN-US">Freire, 1970</span>)<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></span></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-683113784628470050.post-43835766313832257182020-02-07T02:03:00.000-08:002020-05-17T20:26:46.684-07:00被壓迫者劇場200個遊戲 之一<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
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<b><span style="color: #c00000; font-family: "simsun"; font-size: 12.0pt;">在被壓迫者劇場</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #c00000; font-family: "simsun"; font-size: 12.0pt;">/</span><span style="color: #c00000; font-family: "simsun"; font-size: 12.0pt;">工作坊</span></b><b><span style="color: #c00000; font-family: , serif; font-size: 12pt;">撕下那些</span><span style="color: #c00000; font-family: "simsun"; font-size: 12pt;">掩蓋</span><span style="color: #c00000; font-family: , serif; font-size: 12pt;">我們真面目的面具,</span></b></div>
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<b><span style="color: #c00000; font-family: "新細明體" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">為發現和體驗關於我們自己的真實</span><span style="color: #c00000; font-family: "simsun"; font-size: 12.0pt;">面目</span><span style="color: #c00000; font-family: "新細明體" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">而奮鬥</span></b><b><span style="color: #c00000; font-family: "新細明體" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">。</span></b></div>
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<b><span style="color: #c00000; font-family: "新細明體" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">要使</span><span style="color: #c00000; font-family: "simsun"; font-size: 12.0pt;">劇場<span lang="EN-US">/</span>遊戲</span><span style="color: #c00000; font-family: "新細明體" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">有意義,就必須</span><span style="color: #c00000; font-family: "simsun"; font-size: 12.0pt;">在過程中產生</span><span style="color: #c00000; font-family: "新細明體" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">讓我們超越那些面具,</span></b></div>
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<b><span style="color: #c00000; font-family: "新細明體" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">超越那些城市化的感覺和制度,</span><span style="color: #c00000; font-family: "simsun"; font-size: 12.0pt;">以及</span><span style="color: #c00000; font-family: "新細明體" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">超越那些標準的結論。</span></b></div>
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<b><span style="color: #c00000; font-family: "新細明體" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">放棄了日常的假裝以後,在眾目睽睽之下,</span></b><br />
<b><span style="color: #c00000; font-family: "新細明體" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">我們只有徹底袒露</span><span style="color: #c00000; font-family: "simsun"; font-size: 12.0pt;">並將</span><span style="color: #c00000; font-family: "新細明體" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">自己奉獻出來</span><span style="color: #c00000; font-family: "simsun"; font-size: 12.0pt;">,</span></b></div>
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<b><span style="color: #c00000; font-family: "新細明體" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">這樣我們才能夠感覺什麼是真實。</span></b></div>
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<b><u><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">被壓迫者劇場</span></u></b><br />
<b><u><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt;">200個遊戲操作手冊 之一</span></u></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體;">社會計量<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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</span> <span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">1</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">、</span>參與者圍成一個大圓<b><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">。</span></b><br />
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="text-indent: -16px;">2</span></span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">、</span>以工作坊中間點做為某個主題計量的核心(如:家和工作坊的距離、與主題的心理距離)</div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">3</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">、</span></span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">請參與者移動位置標誌自己的狀態<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="background-color: white; text-indent: -24px;">4</span>、參與者分享為什麼選擇這個位置<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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***引導者審慎思考使用社會計量的目的</div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US">A</span></b><b><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: "simsun";">、觸覺</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US"> to feel what we touch</span><span lang="EN-US">:</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #c00000; font-family: "新細明體" , serif; font-size: 10pt;"> 探索身體</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #c00000; font-size: 10pt;">----</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #c00000; font-family: "新細明體" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">透過探索</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #c00000; font-size: 10pt;">,</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #c00000; font-family: "新細明體" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">拉近身體和心的距離。身體引領探索自己的內在宇宙,認識自我</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #c00000; font-size: 10pt;">——</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #c00000; font-family: "新細明體" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">那深睡的意識,覺察活著的狀態,反思自己存在世間的意義並創造未來。</span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">1、<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: "simsun";">基礎</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "simsun";">練習</span><span lang="EN-US">General exercis</span><span lang="EN-US">es</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">2、<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "simsun";">走</span><span lang="EN-US">walks</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">3、<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "simsun";">訊息</span><span lang="EN-US">massages</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">4、<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "simsun";">整合的遊戲</span><span lang="EN-US">Integration games</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US">5、<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "simsun";">地心引力</span><span lang="EN-US">gravity</span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US">1、<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><b><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 標楷體;">基礎練習</span></b><span lang="EN-US">General exercis</span><span lang="EN-US">es</span><b><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">操作程序與方法</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">Columbian hypnosis</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: "simsun";">(</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">Follow the Hand</span></b><b><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: "simsun";">)</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 標楷體;">掌中世界</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">1.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">兩人一組。面對面<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">2.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">一人擔任帶領者,將手掌置於夥伴(跟隨者)的臉前面約<span lang="EN-US">20</span>~<span lang="EN-US">40</span>公分距離,手掌下端和對方下巴齊、指尖和額頭髮際齊。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">3.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">帶領者緩慢移動手掌,跟隨者隨之移動。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">4.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">帶領者試探、挑戰彼此肢體移動的角度、方式<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">5.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">進行一段時間後,二人交換角色。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">A</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">、</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">1</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">、三人一組。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">2</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">、三人輪流用雙手擔任帶領者<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">B</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">、<span lang="EN-US">1</span>、五人一組<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"> 2</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">、五人輪流用雙手和雙腳擔任帶領者<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">C</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">、<span lang="EN-US">1</span>、群組<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"> 2</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">、核心:一位參與者到中央擔任帶領者,開始緩慢 而規律的移動全身。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"> 3</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">、第二環:數位參與者用自己身體的某個部位貼近帶領者身體某個部位,並隨著核心帶領者身體的移動而移動。(身體部位如:耳朵、鼻子、後背、屁股、膝蓋、手肘...)<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"> 4</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">、人數多時可增加第三環。第三環選定第二環某個人的身體部位(同上)並跟著移動。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">1.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">引導者先做示範</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">2.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">提醒參與者手和臉之間保持適當距離</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">3.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">帶領者移動速度要緩慢</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">4.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">帶領者是夥伴的同盟不是敵人</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">報數</span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">(count DOWN</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">/UP</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">)</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"></span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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</span> <span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">1.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">參與者圍成一個大圓。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="background-color: orange;">**引導者說明遊戲規則:報數1~5/7、報數的左右方向和<span lang="EN-US">Down/up</span>手勢或動作。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">2.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">從引導者開始,向左或向右報數,數字<span lang="EN-US">5/7</span>的人必須採用<span lang="EN-US">Down/up</span>的動作來指示左右方向。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">1.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">示範動作要明確。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">2.Down</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">:下方動作,如手從胯下指示、以腳指示、蹲下出手或出腳…<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">3.Up</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">:上方動作,如跳起來轉身、甩頭指示方向、跳起來向上拍手再指示方向…</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<b><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">獵人打獵</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">1.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">四人一組。三人牽手圍成三角形,一人站在外圍扮演獵人<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">2.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">獵人用眼神從三人中選定一位成為獵取的獵物,並站在獵物的正前方,牽手的另兩位負責保護獵物安全<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">3.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">獵人必須讓三位夥伴看清楚自己的想獵取的對象。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">4.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">被獵到的獵物成為下一位獵人。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; font-family: 標楷體; padding: 0cm;">發展:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">1.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">新版剪刀、石頭、布<span lang="EN-US">---</span>獵人、鹿、牆、<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">2.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">全體分兩列<span lang="EN-US">/</span>組面對面。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">3.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">引導者給兩組五秒鐘商討第一個出手的動作<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">4.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">聽引導者口令兩組同時出手<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">1.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">工作坊空間要夠寬敞<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">2.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">提醒參與者注意安全<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">1.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">同一組的每一個人需呈現相同動作<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">松鼠的家<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">1.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">三人一組,各組分開來站立。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">2.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">兩人雙手握搭起來變成樹作為松鼠的家,第三位扮演松鼠蹲在下面<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">3.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">一位扮演<span lang="EN-US">Joker =</span>鬼站在中間<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">4.Joker</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">口令:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">(1)</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">颱風來了<span lang="EN-US">—</span>同組三人分散開,找新夥伴組成新的家<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">(2)</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">樹倒了<span lang="EN-US">—</span>樹拆開來(松鼠留在原地),跑到另外一隻松鼠上方搭起新家<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">(3)</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">松鼠跑了<span lang="EN-US">—</span>松鼠換新家,樹不動<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">5.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">落單的人扮演下一位<span lang="EN-US">Joker<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">2、<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 標楷體;">走</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">walks</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">走<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">1</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">引導者說明規則:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">(1)</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">請參與者在空間中走<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">(2)</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">引導者給目標,然後所有人要朝引導者給出的目標靠攏<span lang="EN-US">(</span>或指向目標<span lang="EN-US">)</span>。<span lang="EN-US">(ex.</span>引導者:「穿紅色衣服的人」;全體則朝有穿紅色衣服的人靠攏或用手指著紅色衣服<span lang="EN-US">)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">(3)</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">可把喊出目標的權力讓給</span><span style="text-indent: -18pt;">參與者</span></div>
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<b><span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; font-family: 標楷體; padding: 0cm;">發展:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">1.working & dancing with music<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體;">引導者引導參與者在空間隨意走動接著帶入音樂並隨著音樂起舞<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">2.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">全體在空間自由走動<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體;">引導者發出口令<span lang="EN-US">1</span>、<span lang="EN-US">2</span>、~~譬如:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">1</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">停、<span lang="EN-US">2</span>走、<span lang="EN-US">3</span>躺下、<span lang="EN-US">4</span>摸牆、<span lang="EN-US">5</span>全體到中間靠在一起</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">3.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">參與者於空間遊走,盡量平均佈滿整個空間。說明遊戲規則:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">(1)</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">拍一下手→走、兩下→跳、三下→停→說自己的名字、喜歡的顏色。<span lang="EN-US">(</span>無特定對象<span lang="EN-US">)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">(2)</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">拍一下手→走、兩下→跳、三下→停→與最近的人面對面說自己最喜歡的水果、來自哪?如何來?<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">(3)</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">圍坐成一圈,自我介紹:兩件事<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; font-family: 標楷體; padding: 0cm;">發展︰<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">1.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">空間遊走的方式、說的內容、對象選擇的方式引導者可以做改變。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">2.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">可以搭配音樂或以節奏樂器控制速度及發號司令。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體;">活動目的為幫助</span><span style="text-indent: -24px;">參與者</span>找回注意力、培養觀察力</div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">1</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">、輕快的音樂<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">1.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">可考慮加上鼓聲、口琴<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">2.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">視情況改變口令內容<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體;">留意速度快、慢、方向及空間分佈。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體;">只說自己願意告訴別人的事。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">鯊魚來了</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">1</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">.</span><span style="text-indent: -18pt;">參與者在空間自由的走</span><br />
<span style="text-indent: -18pt;">2.</span><span style="text-indent: -18pt;">引導者喊</span><span style="text-indent: -18pt;">鯊</span><span style="text-indent: -18pt;">魚來了<span lang="EN-US">(</span>並扮演鯊魚<span lang="EN-US">)</span>,參與者則需自主地讓其中一位成員成為領袖,其他人則像魚群一樣跟隨著那位成員,形成隊伍持</span><span style="text-indent: -18pt;">續在空間中遊走,以防鯊魚抓走落單的</span><span style="text-indent: -24px;">鯊</span><span style="text-indent: -18pt;">魚</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">1.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">活動目的為幫助成員找回注意力、並覺察群聚的力量<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">2.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">視目的討論:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">(1)</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">過程中的感覺<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">(2)</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">這樣群聚的力量與實際生活的關聯,可從正面及負面的影響去討論</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: "dengxian";">大圓</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">Big circle<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">1.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">全體圍成一個大圓。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">2.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">眼神傳遞:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">(1)</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">用眼睛一一和圈上的夥伴打招呼<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">(2)</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">發展:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">A.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">和圈上一位夥伴眼神相遇、確定、交換彼此的位置<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">B.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">和圈上一位夥伴眼神相遇、確定、大聲喊對方的名字、交換彼此的位置<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">3.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">傳掌聲<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">(1)</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">將手掌心稍微拱起來拍手。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">(2)</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">將掌聲一傳一,轉一輪。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">(3)</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">發展:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體;">第一個掌聲傳下去五位後,引導者加上第二、第三、第四掌聲。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">4.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">傳能量</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">(1)</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">引導者想像身體內部有一股能量穿過肢體並推向下一位<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">(2)</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">下一位接住並轉換成自己的能量動作再丟給下一位<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">(3)</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">如此接續下去到完成一輪<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">5.Copy </span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">聲音和動作<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">(1)</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">一參與者到大圓的中央做一個動作加上聲音<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">(2)</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">其他人模擬他的動作和聲音,重複三次<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">(3)</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">輪一圈</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<span style="text-indent: -12pt;">鼓舞參與者加快交換速度</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">1.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">確定和旁邊的人之間有足夠的空間距離,<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">2.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">提醒參與者注意傾聽,拍手時只有一個聲音。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">3.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">注意掌聲停歇之間的規律性節奏<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體;">確認每個人和旁人之間有足夠的空間距離<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">Follow the Shadow<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 標楷體;">影子</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"><br /></span>
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">1.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">兩人一組。一前一後站立<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">2.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">前者走後者模仿前者的肢體動作<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">3.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">進行一段時間後,二人交換角色</span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">1.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">提醒後者和前者保持相當距離,以便全面關照前者的肢體動作<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">2.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">前者的動作幅度要大</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">Follow the Leader<o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">跟著走</span></b><br />
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">1.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">分成a、b兩組同時進行<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">2.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">每組有一人輪流站到小組前方擔任<span lang="EN-US">Leader,</span>其他人模仿<span lang="EN-US">leader</span>的動作<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><span style="border: 1pt solid windowtext; font-family: 標楷體; padding: 0cm;">發展:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">1.a</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; text-indent: 0px;">、b兩列面對面站立,兩列之間保持三大步的距離</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 標楷體; text-indent: 0px;">2.每組一人站到小組前方擔任<span lang="EN-US">Leader,</span>小組其他人模仿</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; text-indent: 0px;">leader</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; text-indent: 0px;">的動作和聲音</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 標楷體; text-indent: 0px;">3.</span><span style="text-indent: -12pt;">兩組互動 </span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; text-indent: 0px;">a</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; text-indent: 0px;">組進、b</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; text-indent: 0px;">組回應並後退</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 標楷體; text-indent: 0px;">4.b組退到底端後,變成b</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; text-indent: 0px;">組進、a</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; text-indent: 0px;">組退</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體;">a組退到底端後,一輪結束。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體;">一輪結束後兩組的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">Leader</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">到a、b列的尾巴加入小組,</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">換第二位夥伴上來擔任新的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">Leader</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">。</span></div>
<span style="font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 0px;">5.如此反覆到所有人都擔任過Leader</span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">1.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">引導者先帶一組做示範<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">2.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">視情況播放輕快音樂</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="color: #660000; font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 0px;"><b><u>但是,</u></b></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #660000; font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 0px;"><b><u>不要依賴音樂!</u></b></span></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">People to People<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 標楷體;">粘粘樂</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"><br /></span>
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">1.A\B</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">二人站在一起成一組,全體圍成一個大圓,<span lang="EN-US">Joker=</span>鬼站在圓的中央<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">2.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">鬼發號施令。頭碰膝蓋、手碰腰</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">…</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">等<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">3.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">鬼喊:粘粘樂,所有的人必須大聲喊叫的跑到中央,抓一位新的夥伴回到圈上。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">4.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">沒抓到夥伴的,擔任下一個鬼。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">1.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">注意參與者的年齡和身體狀況<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">2.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">這個遊戲較激烈,不適合太活潑的孩子<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">3.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">不適合青春期混有男、女孩的團體。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">3、<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 標楷體;">訊息</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">massages</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 標楷體;">木頭人</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">1.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">全體站到空间的底端、一人在另一端轉身擔任鬼<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">2.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">鬼喊<span lang="EN-US">1</span>、<span lang="EN-US">3</span>、<span lang="EN-US">5</span>(全體將身體、五官縮小)或<span lang="EN-US">2</span>、<span lang="EN-US">4</span>、<span lang="EN-US">6</span>(全體將身體、五官放到最大)全體往前跑,鬼喊木頭人並回頭時, 全體定格不動。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">3.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">鬼抓出沒有定格的人,這個人要退回底端重新開始。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體;">場地要夠長,以便讓活動施展開來。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 標楷體;">雕像模擬</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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</span> <span style="font-family: 標楷體;">全體站成兩列,兩兩面對面。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">1.a </span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">列閉上眼睛,<span lang="EN-US">b </span>列每個人創作一個自己的雕像定格<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">2.a </span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">張開眼睛,觀察站在自己正前方夥伴的雕像<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">3.a</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">觀察三秒後閉上眼睛,聽引導者口令張開眼睛,模擬剛才<span lang="EN-US">b</span>的雕像定格<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">4.b </span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">確定雕像正確,否則上前用手(不說話)調整<span lang="EN-US">a</span>的雕像位置<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">5.a</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">、<span lang="EN-US">b</span>角色交換,<span lang="EN-US">b </span>閉眼,<span lang="EN-US">a</span>創造雕像</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<b><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 標楷體;">握手</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"><br /></span>
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">1.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">全體圍成一個大圓<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">2.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">請一位參與者<span lang="EN-US">a</span>到圓中央作出握手的姿勢<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">3.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">請另外一位參與者<span lang="EN-US">b</span>到中央握著<span lang="EN-US">a </span>的手<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">4.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">圈上的人觀察兩人姿態,分析這兩人所在的場所、可能的關係<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">5.b</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">回圈上,請另一位<span lang="EN-US">c</span>到中央握住<span lang="EN-US">a </span>的手定格<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">7.a</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">定格後c移動並創造新雕像,建立新的關係、場景</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<b><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">形象雕像</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">1.</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">分組或圍成大圓<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">(2)</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">接著每個雕像自己加上一句相應的話或聲音<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0台灣臺灣23.9036873 121.0793704999999820.180818300000002 115.91579649999998 27.6265563 126.24294449999998tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-683113784628470050.post-68379453397634118682019-01-10T19:42:00.000-08:002020-04-28T23:41:26.875-07:00 被壓迫者劇場——一條永恆的解放道路(之一)<span style="font-family: 新細明體;">
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<b style="text-align: left; text-indent: 56.05pt;"><span style="font-family: , serif; font-size: 11pt;">文︰萬佩萱</span></b><b style="text-align: left; text-indent: 56.05pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt;"> </span></b><b style="text-align: left; text-indent: 56.05pt;"><span style="font-family: , serif; font-size: 10pt;">台灣被壓迫者劇場推展中心執行長</span></b><b style="text-align: left; text-indent: 56.05pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"> </span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 13.5pt; text-align: left; text-indent: 56.05pt;"> </span><b style="text-align: left; text-indent: 56.05pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;"> </span></b><b style="text-align: left; text-indent: 56.05pt;"><span style="font-family: , serif; font-size: 10pt;">三修</span></b><br />
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: , serif;"> </span></b><b style="text-indent: 56.05pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"> </span></b><b style="text-indent: 56.05pt;"><span style="font-family: , serif;">前言:被壓迫者劇場不是民眾戲劇</span></b><b style="text-indent: 56.05pt;"><span style="font-family: "simsun";">,</span></b><b style="text-indent: 56.05pt;"><span style="font-family: , serif;">也不是社區劇場<span lang="EN-US"> </span></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: , serif;"> 持續很長一段時間,每當我跟人們提起被壓迫者劇場總能挑起聽者敏感神經,以疑慮眼神望著我謹慎的問:它和政治有關嗎?也有人說:台灣沒有被壓迫者;或稱,被壓迫者劇場不適用於台灣這樣優渥的社會。於是我從</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">2006</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">年開始用正在熱潮上的</span><span style="text-indent: 24pt;">民眾戲劇和社區劇場包裝它。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: , serif;">然而,在民眾劇場和社區劇場行走多年我滿懷困惑,卻始終弄不明白這困惑從何而來。多年積累的磕磕碰碰終於在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">2010</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">年某個演出場合讓我意識到,台灣這種由上而下用劇場作社區營造的政策或劇作家/導演主導的民眾戲劇和被壓迫者劇場致力改變社會的草根性相去甚遠。</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: , serif;">民眾戲劇、社區劇場和被壓迫者劇場三者重疊在一個對象——“人(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">People</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">)”的身上,因此</span><span style="font-family: "simsun";">經常被人</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">忽略它們在</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">本質上的</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">差異。拿台灣幾十年來官方推動的社區總體營造由社區</span><span style="text-indent: 24pt;">居民組成社團活動之一</span><span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: 24pt;"><a href="http://sixstar.moc.gov.tw/frontsite/theme/storyListAction.do?method=doViewList&menuId=MjcwMg=="><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue; font-family: "新細明體" , serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast;">社區劇場</span></a></span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">為例</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">,它和其他國家</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">由民間團體發起或政府與民間合作推展的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">Community Theatre</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">最大的差別在於,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">Community
Theatre</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">參與者</span><span style="text-indent: 24pt;">以社群(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">community<a href="file:///C:/Users/Christa%20Wan/Desktop/%E8%A2%AB%E5%A3%93%E8%BF%AB%E8%80%85%E5%8A%87%E5%A0%B4%20%20%E6%B0%B8%E6%81%86%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF.docx#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" title=""><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[1]</span></span></a></span><span style="text-indent: 24pt;">)為基礎,</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">首重社會中相對弱勢的社群(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">under privileged community</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">)如,流浪兒童、青少年、街友、基層勞工、少數民族、婦女、監獄犯人</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">…</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">等面臨相同或類似議題的人們。總之國際人士論及</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; text-indent: 24pt;"> <span lang="EN-US">Community Theatre</span></span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">多以弱勢社群為主,以彰顯劇場給人聲音的培力過程。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: , serif;">眼看幾十年過去,在台灣特殊社會變遷下長出的社區劇場和民眾戲劇已被塑造成特定概念,且被形塑的樣貌不會在短時間內改變。或許,就這樣永遠被定型、定性了。於是我轉身褪下被我強塞入社區劇場和民眾戲劇小鞋的被壓迫者劇場,重新梳理被壓迫者劇場和批判教育以及人性化社會發展間的關係。期盼藉這篇文章,邀請社會工作者用劇場作為工具之一,撐開人與世界對話的空間,喚醒人們的主體意識,從而改造社會朝向人性化世界前進。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: , serif;">我在2002年</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">教育研究所畢業那一年有機會接受完整的被壓迫者劇場(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">Theatre of the
Oppressed</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">以下稱</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">TO</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">)</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/Christa%20Wan/Desktop/%E8%A2%AB%E5%A3%93%E8%BF%AB%E8%80%85%E5%8A%87%E5%A0%B4%20%20%E6%B0%B8%E6%81%86%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF.docx#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[2]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: , serif;">師資培訓,當下便被它人本精神,尊重多元和民主對話的過程所撼動。</span><br />
<span style="font-family: , serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: , serif;"> 累積多年社會運動和劇場實踐行動經驗,我發現</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">TO</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">和解放教育均著重人的主體性與批判意識的特性。因而期許自己致力結合兩者,用它做點有意義的事;與社群同行,遂為我此生志業。</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: , serif;">一 壹、和人們一起行動的被壓迫者劇場</span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">TO</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">重視參與者身體、感官、意識和選擇的全方位探索。人們在遊戲、創作和戲劇呈現過程中運用多元藝術與自己、他人和世界進行對話;其『過程』超越演員訓練、舞台技巧、編劇和戲劇表演的框限。事實上,過程本身便具備探索自我與世界的教育意涵。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="http://www.ctotw.tw/2015/06/blog-post_29.html#more" target="_blank">Augusto Boal</a></span><span lang="EN-US"> </span><span style="font-family: , serif;">說<b>“被壓迫者劇場是為了讓人們不再將說話的權力委託給演員、劇作家和導演,無論思考或演出,他們為自己思考,為自己演出並採取改變的行動。”</b>,呼應著</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="http://www.ctotw.tw/2011/03/brief-biography-of-paulo-freire.html#more" target="_blank">P. Freire</a></span><span style="font-family: "simsun";">的思想</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">“</span><b><i><span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">真正的教育不是由<span lang="EN-US">A</span>為<span lang="EN-US">B(A
for B)</span>來實行的,也不是<span lang="EN-US">A</span>與<span lang="EN-US">B</span>有關(<span lang="EN-US">A about B</span>)的情形下來實行的,而是由<span lang="EN-US">A</span>和<span lang="EN-US">B</span>(<span lang="EN-US">A with B</span>)一起來實行的<span lang="EN-US">…”</span></span></i></b><span style="font-family: "simsun";">。</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">結合</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">Freire</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">教育哲思的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">TO因而</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">是融合批判意識的多元藝術與心理探索的旅程,也是人們採取行動的解放歷程。</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">基於批判教育</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">和實踐經驗</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">我梳理出TO</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">通過敘事(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">Narrative</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">)創作、<a href="http://www.ctotw.tw/2017/03/blog-post_16.html#more">多元對話(</a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; text-indent: 24pt;"><a href="http://www.ctotw.tw/2017/03/blog-post_16.html#more">Dialog</a></span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">)、反思(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">Reflection</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">)和行動(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">Action</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">)四元素攪動身心匯聚能量,成為就相互陪伴、激盪碰撞、對話和轉化生命的共振歷程。這四項元素互為表裡,且相互堆疊、建構出螺旋上升的支撐力量,更是參與者建構自我,批判和轉化社會的基礎。</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , serif; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(一)敘事(</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Narrative</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , serif; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "simsun"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">創作</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">——</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">議題的回顧與再現</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: , serif;">上世紀初,西方劇場伴隨民主政治和革命思潮輸入中國,轉變以娛樂為取向的中國戲曲傳統,舞台成為政治宣傳工具。台灣亦然。劇場成為國家機器和少數精英壟斷資源——以代言手段或教化形式——掌控人民思想的利器,使得弱勢社群與族群在主流社會洪流下不僅面貌模糊,其形象的「他者化」亦成了消費的商品,社群和族群被型塑的「刻板印象」進一步削弱被公平認識與尊重的權利。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">TO</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">創始者</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">Boal</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">意識到在社會主流的敘事下,邊緣社群和族群唯有掌握自己的聲音,才得以展現主體意欲意欲與意志。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: , serif;">多年的實踐經驗我發現</span><span style="text-indent: 24pt;">社群和族群</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">要能辨認界限處境</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">(limiting
situation)</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">須以個人</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; text-indent: 24pt;">生命</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">經驗為起點。美國邏輯學家柯奇布斯基(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">Alfred Korzybski</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">)認為,</span><b style="text-indent: 56.05pt;"><i><span style="color: #7030a0; font-size: 12.0pt;">人們對事情的瞭解及賦予意義,都是由文化背景決定,也受限於該文化的背景知識</span></i></b><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;"><i><b><span style="color: #674ea7;"> </span></b></i></span><a href="file:///C:/Users/Christa%20Wan/Desktop/%E8%A2%AB%E5%A3%93%E8%BF%AB%E8%80%85%E5%8A%87%E5%A0%B4%20%20%E6%B0%B8%E6%81%86%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF.docx#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3" style="text-indent: 24pt;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: #674ea7; font-size: xx-small;">[3]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">。當人「活著的」獨特經驗沒能「說」出或「表達」出來,隨著時間的消逝,生命將留在原地,既沒有形狀也沒有意義,成了未完成的經驗——一道裂縫。因此,回顧過往意識到自己的不完美,是人們探尋重生的陣痛儀式;裂縫是光進入生命的地方。</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">透過敘事用劇場再現困境能讓人辨識出它們其實是非人性化社會結構下的產物。又</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; text-indent: 24pt;">因為</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">人都有尚未被發現、被決定的身、心、靈和社會能力,而這些能力須被尊重才會被激發,也是對生命中存有的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">(Being)</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">及未來的可能的承諾。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 8pt; text-indent: 24pt;">(De Bois, 1996</span><span style="font-family: , serif; font-size: 8pt; text-indent: 24pt;">:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 8pt; text-indent: 24pt;">26~27)</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; text-indent: 24pt;"> 個人</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">敘事有如投石入生命湖泊,盪出的漣漪漸進向外拓展,連結個人與社群,社群與社會發展,終至個人與世界的關係。參與者在集體探索和生命共振過程</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; text-indent: 24pt;">,得以</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">跨越微觀視界</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">宏觀覺察製造壓迫的社會結構與成因;是一種成為人的批判性存有(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">Being</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">)。</span></div>
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<b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"> </span></i></b><span style="font-family: , serif;">由於</span><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">“…</span></i></b><b><i><span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">人</span></i></b><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">…</span></i></b><b><i><span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">能將自己行動與他自身當成反思的存有。<span lang="EN-US">” </span></span></i></b><a href="file:///C:/Users/Christa%20Wan/Desktop/%E8%A2%AB%E5%A3%93%E8%BF%AB%E8%80%85%E5%8A%87%E5%A0%B4%20%20%E6%B0%B8%E6%81%86%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF.docx#_ftn4" name="_ftnref4" title=""><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue; font-size: 8.0pt;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 8pt;">[4]</span><!--[endif]--></span></a><span style="font-family: , serif;">,個人敘事遂能夠在群聚能量流動的生命巨河中,安全地將個人和製造壓迫的界限處境分開來。敘事者在引導者和夥伴的協助下將困境外化,把積累的知識經驗客觀化成一組雕像或小品</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">——</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">一個被覺察、反思與批判的對象。人們一旦將自己和這些獨特的議題分離開來,便能覺察主體意欲,感受到自主選擇的力量。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-3WCvy5cVrWg/WLY99M6BndI/AAAAAAAACfs/ZeU0Ri1aF0Qt27j1Y6G_ijYqlCfhAinWgCLcB/s1600/DSCN3038.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-3WCvy5cVrWg/WLY99M6BndI/AAAAAAAACfs/ZeU0Ri1aF0Qt27j1Y6G_ijYqlCfhAinWgCLcB/s320/DSCN3038.JPG" width="320" /></a><span style="font-family: , serif;">劇場創造一個彼時與現時共在的場域。敘事者在時空交錯——</span><span style="text-indent: 24pt;">過去(經驗)和當下(敘事)——</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">的空間將事件客觀化,覺察自己既是議題的行為者,也是作品的創造者和觀眾,三者在劇場相遇</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; text-indent: 24pt;">,</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">因並行而拉出距離觸發反思的觀點。在過程中針對事件進行對話開啟新的看到,除釐清獨特經驗對個人生活和社會關係的影響,並賦予未完成經驗以新的意義,另一方面,也能發現個人與社群的關係,從而產生生命共同體的團結意識。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: , serif;">參與者運用肢體作為語言將議題深挖、外化,除顯現多層次探索的藝術創作,並在自主選擇的前提下,開啟多軌並存的覺察與反思路徑。</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">敘事創作從「個人敘事」開始,在螺旋上升或下降的反覆探索過程中漸次提升到「我們(社群/族群)共同的議題」,在參與者為己「發聲」的前提下,建立相互信任、相互珍惜、相互支持的關係,通過集體創作邁向探索世界的旅程。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-GRovRZxsG18/WLY5Z786xPI/AAAAAAAACfE/u3dBZFtS1Ccpf5CduQ-oipEJgVBUFSMkgCLcB/s1600/DSC05303.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="244" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-GRovRZxsG18/WLY5Z786xPI/AAAAAAAACfE/u3dBZFtS1Ccpf5CduQ-oipEJgVBUFSMkgCLcB/s320/DSC05303.JPG" width="320" /></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"> </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: , serif;">參與者在人我共融的遊戲中,透過多層次肢體展演和藝術創作潛入自我,分享感受、梳理生命經驗<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ftnref3"></a>,以意識活著對自己的意義。每一次的外化都因參與者生活及關係的轉換和不同的呈現方式,而產生新的詮釋與意義;這樣的敘事創作過程我稱之為敘事劇場</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/Christa%20Wan/Desktop/%E8%A2%AB%E5%A3%93%E8%BF%AB%E8%80%85%E5%8A%87%E5%A0%B4%20%20%E6%B0%B8%E6%81%86%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF.docx#_ftn5" name="_ftnref5" title=""><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 8.0pt;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8pt;">[5]</span><!--[endif]--></span></a><span style="font-family: , serif;">。無論是再現或</span><span style="font-family: "simsun";">創新,它們所</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">賦予個人或社群/族群</span><span style="font-family: "simsun";">歷史的</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">新意,除了是敘事者主觀意識的我與他人及世界的相遇,是一種多元照見、協調與合作創作過程所衍生的意義,亦是一種集體建構出一個互為主體的場域,一種經由協作解構和重構的生命經驗與文化。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: , serif;">根據後現代社會建構論者</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">Kenneth J.
Gergen</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">:</span><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #7030a0; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">“</span></i></b><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">…</span></i></b><b><i><span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">假定人與人之間的互動可以發展出無止境的意義,這些意義並不局限於腦袋,也不存在於一般認為的個體心靈之中,而是不斷變化的故事洪流中的成分。<span lang="EN-US">…</span>焦點從各人根據自己的經驗建構現實的模式,轉移到眾人如何在彼此的互動中,建構、調整並維持其真實而有意義的社會。<span lang="EN-US">”</span></span></i></b><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ftnref5"></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 8pt;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=683113784628470050#_ftn5" title=""><span style="color: blue;">[5]</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"> TO</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">讓人跳脫社會這樣那樣的文化、價值、國族框限,給出空間檢視舊議題於今日時空的意義,跨越時空反思社會結構與自身命運間的關係,能因此生出轉化衝突改變命運的智慧。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">2009</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">年台灣被壓迫者劇場推展中心(以下稱</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">TO</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">中心)在台灣中部大安溪畔和達觀部落德瑪汶工作站成員討論,以了解不同成員對工作坊的期待。理事長說:</span><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">“...</span></i><i><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">用劇場當作回顧和部落工作展望未來的方法。<span lang="EN-US">…</span>劇場可以讓大家在忙碌的腳步中,有一點時間回顧從前生活的點點滴滴,和這些年大家共同生活的故事<span lang="EN-US">…</span>(九二一紀念晚會)演給大家看也演給自己看<span lang="EN-US">…” </span></span></i><span style="font-family: , serif;">透過和工作站社工交談,進一步瞭解,機構正面臨組織發展的瓶頸。我想,回顧、探索定位和未來展望,對工作站夥伴們而言,或許和演出同樣重要吧。經過數次交流,得到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">“</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">慢慢來,比較快</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">”</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">的共識。</span><span style="font-family: , serif; font-size: 10pt;">(編註:工作坊從<span lang="EN-US">2009</span>年開始,斷斷續續進行到<span lang="EN-US">2011</span>年921紀念晚會演出為止。)</span><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">工作站餐廳和部落老人供餐的工作地,<br />
拖拖抹抹後就成了工作坊場所</td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: , serif;">連續三年夏天,工作站在極度忙碌的日程表中擠出數天進行工作坊。工作坊從個人故事到集體回顧,轉化成一幕幕敘事場景</span><span style="font-family: "simsun";">。</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">成員們回頭觀看、幽默面對笑中帶淚的地震當晚與重建過程,從癱坐椅上的男人和勇敢扛起生計的婦女,漸進發展到族人相互扶持,以及和外來者</span><span style="font-family: , serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<span lang="EN-US">921</span>災後進入部落協助重建的<span lang="EN-US">NGO</span>社工)</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">關係的轉化故事。兩位青年在反思日誌這麼說:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: red; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #990000;"><i><u><span style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">部落大專青年</span></u></i><i><span style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">:</span></i><i><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">(<span lang="EN-US">921</span>讀國小<span lang="EN-US">2</span>年級)</span></i><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></span></div>
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<span style="color: #990000;"><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">…</span></i><i><span style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">我更進一步的認識自己生長的部落,和身邊熟悉的人<span lang="EN-US">…</span></span></i><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></span></div>
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<i><u><span style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="color: #990000;">工作站社工:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></u></i></div>
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<span style="color: #990000;"><i><span style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">這幾天下來,跟大家的距離有拉近,加上自己本身文化(註:漢人)的差</span></i><i style="text-indent: 56.05pt;"><span style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">異,一直都是一個人在(註:部落)慢慢適應,雖然步伐緩慢,但卻一直不願放棄<span lang="EN-US">…</span>聽到了許多平日沒聽過的故事,不論是辛酸的地震後的艱辛,或生活長年的苦<span lang="EN-US">…</span></span></i></span></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">雕像:泰雅族Gaga精神</td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: , serif;">回溯歷史的敘事創作,不是為了建立一套說故事的技巧或劇本,而是為了建構原始生命的敘事「檔案」,其用意在於運用劇場的方式建立屬於社群的「資料庫」。建立資料庫的關鍵之一在於引導者的特質和態度。引導者需具備自我反思的批判性和對議題的高度敏感特質,理解回頭探問歷史既不是為了尋找「真理或解答」,也不是為了搜尋素材供戲劇創作的開放態度。敘事創作是為了將社群內看似各自獨立的生命「檔案」積累成「資料庫」,以生產具歷史意義的社群知識,集體詮釋歷史事件、澄清自身文化價值,從而建構以社群為主體的歷史觀點與集體記憶。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: , serif;">資料庫裡的故事、符號和社會現實是社群知識的「位元」</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">(byte)</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">,資料庫是存放知識位元的「母體」</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">(matrix)</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">。透過資料庫的不同排列組合,運用推演、歸納方法萃取主題和規律,理解社會的變化與脈動並和世界對話<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ftnref6"></a>,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 8.0pt;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=683113784628470050#_ftn6"><span style="color: blue; text-decoration: none;">[6]</span></a></span><span style="font-family: , serif;">產出的資料遂成為社群的「敘事百寶箱」;一個創造集體生命意義的工具箱。人們可以用敘事創作修補社群遺失的價值與記憶,重新建構社群的歷史觀與知識系統,繼而成為推動社會永續發展的動能。</span><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ftnref7"></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 8pt;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=683113784628470050#_ftn7" title=""><span style="color: blue; text-decoration: none;">[7]</span></a>
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<a href="file:///C:/Users/Christa%20Wan/Desktop/%E8%A2%AB%E5%A3%93%E8%BF%AB%E8%80%85%E5%8A%87%E5%A0%B4%20%20%E6%B0%B8%E6%81%86%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF.docx#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[1]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US"> 14</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">至</span><span lang="EN-US">17 </span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">世紀「</span><span lang="EN-US">community</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">」代表實際團體,如地區的百姓、政府或組織,</span><span lang="EN-US">16</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">世紀起其意義逐漸轉變成為以關係為重的群體。從翻譯上來區分,譯為「社區」時,強調的是「區</span> <span style="font-family: "新細明體" , serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">域」或「場所」的概念,譯為「社群」時,則著重在「人」的身份認同,根據個人身份組成的社群主體。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///C:/Users/Christa%20Wan/Desktop/%E8%A2%AB%E5%A3%93%E8%BF%AB%E8%80%85%E5%8A%87%E5%A0%B4%20%20%E6%B0%B8%E6%81%86%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF.docx#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[2]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US"> </span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">被壓迫者劇場含括兩大區塊</span> <span style="font-family: "simsun"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">一、工作坊((感官遊戲(演員訓練)</span><span lang="EN-US">+</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">敘事創作(編劇)),二、論述表達與行動(包括七種劇場技術。分別是,形象劇場、論壇劇場、隱形劇場、立法劇場、報紙劇場、慾望彩虹和行動劇場。這些名稱各異的劇場,都從感官遊戲開始。)</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span>台灣被壓迫者劇場推展中心http://www.blogger.com/profile/10291369655404492262noreply@blogger.com0台灣23.69781 120.9605149999999916.2584125 110.6333665 31.137207500000002 131.28766349999998tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-683113784628470050.post-47419104866141881192019-01-10T19:39:00.000-08:002019-01-10T19:42:30.818-08:00 被壓迫者劇場——一條永恆的解放道路(之二)<b style="text-indent: 56.05pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-size: small; font-weight: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">**********************************************************************</span></span></span></b><br />
<b style="text-indent: 56.05pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-size: small; font-weight: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="http://www.ctotw.tw/2016/06/iii.html#more">被壓迫者劇場</a></span>通過一、<a href="http://www.ctotw.tw/2016/11/blog-post.html#more">敘事(</a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><a href="http://www.ctotw.tw/2016/11/blog-post.html#more">Narrative</a></span><span style="font-size: small; font-weight: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><a href="http://www.ctotw.tw/2016/11/blog-post.html#more">)創作</a>、二、多元對話(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; text-indent: 32px;">Dialog</span><span style="font-size: small; font-weight: normal; text-indent: 32px;">)、三、反思(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; text-indent: 32px;">Reflection</span><span style="font-size: small; font-weight: normal; text-indent: 32px;">)、四、行動(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; text-indent: 32px;">Action</span><span style="font-size: small; font-weight: normal; text-indent: 32px;">)四項元素攪動參與者身心匯聚能量,成就和人們一起行動相互陪伴、激盪碰撞、對話和轉化生命的解放教育歷程。這四項元素互為表裡,且相互堆疊建構出螺旋上升的支撐力量,是參與者建構自我,批判和轉化社會的基礎。</span></span></b><br />
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<span style="text-indent: 32px;">這一篇是關於攪動生命的第二項元素:多元對話</span><br />
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<b style="text-indent: 56.05pt;"><span style="font-family: , serif; font-size: 11pt;">文︰萬佩萱</span></b><b style="text-indent: 56.05pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt;"> </span></b><b style="text-indent: 56.05pt;"><span style="font-family: , serif; font-size: 10pt;">台灣被壓迫者劇場推展中心執行長</span></b><b style="text-indent: 56.05pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"> </span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 13.5pt; text-indent: 56.05pt;"> </span><b style="text-indent: 56.05pt;"><span style="font-family: , serif; font-size: 10pt;">三修</span></b><br />
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<span style="font-family: , serif;">社會學、心理學和教育學學者相信,人們從對話的那一刻開始,就有了轉化社會創造新生活的可能。批判教育學學者</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">P. Freire</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">亦認為,對話是人類探索世界的媒介,是對人性化存在(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">humanization</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">)的渴望與企盼的實踐,是人和自己、他人互動,產生批判性自我覺察的解放教育過程。他說,</span><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">“</span></i><i><span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">對話<span lang="EN-US">…</span>在兩造的心中留下了深刻的印象,並且向他們挑戰,使他們因而產生關於世界的觀點與意見。這些觀點通常帶有焦慮、懷疑、希望或絕望,它暗示了某些重要的課題,而這些課題可以作為規劃教育內容的基礎。<span lang="EN-US">”</span></span></i><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_ftnref1"></a><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #7030a0; font-size: 8.0pt;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=683113784628470050#_ftn1" title=""><span style="color: #7030a0; text-decoration: none;">[1]</span></a></span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: red; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 8.0pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: , serif;">對話因而是人與自己、他人、社會和世界建立「關係」的起點。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: , serif;">然而,日常生活使用的語言多出自個人對自身的了解和對自我的認同(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">identity</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">),這樣的了解和認同,無不受個人所處社會文化如隱喻、標籤、歷史、價值、概念、邏輯、分類的影響</span><span style="font-family: "simsun";">,</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">以至於當某人認定自己的敘事爲真時,就潛藏著忽視或排斥他人社會文化現實的可能,並以己之意凌駕他人之上,加上</span><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">“…</span></i><i><span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">人對自己或別人對他的經驗所做的敘述<span lang="EN-US">(</span>說和寫<span lang="EN-US">)…</span>往往不足以充分呈現他真實的生活經驗<span lang="EN-US">..”<a href="file:///C:/Users/Christa%20Wan/Desktop/%E8%A2%AB%E5%A3%93%E8%BF%AB%E8%80%85%E5%8A%87%E5%A0%B4%20%20%E6%B0%B8%E6%81%86%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF.docx#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #7030a0;">[2]</span></b></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a></span></span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: , serif;">,更突顯非主流社群人們「失語」的現實。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: , serif;">社會心理學家喬治</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">.</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">米德(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">George Mead</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">)認為,人與生具有調整的基本能力,該能力主要回應各種身體語言,如手勢、聲音、表情、眼神等等。通過對身體語言的反應和判斷,</span><span style="font-family: "simsun";">我們</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">開始掌握辨別心靈符號的能力,於是,我們有意或無意的肢體語言,以及他人對我們肢體語言的反應就成了「心靈符號」。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: , serif;">也就是說,當對話雙方使用的語詞均指向相同的心靈符號時,理解和對話才成為可能。劇場應用肢體、感官遊戲探索與創作的過程,創造一組有別於日常生活語言符號,也是集體合作創造新的「心靈符號」過程。劇場參與者運用遊戲、律動、聲音、繪畫、影像、戲劇等藝術創作,探討公、私領域議題以轉化非人性狀態,其轉化的動力乃源自新的對話機制。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: , serif;">劇場敘事創作將議題外化成一幅圖畫、一首歌、一支舞、一組雕像、一齣默劇或一幕場景。人們在參與創作或觀賞他人作品時,常會不經意「撞」見久違的自己,並在聆聽他人如何</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">“</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">看</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">”</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">世界的同時,</span><span style="font-family: "simsun";">也</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">拓展與人對話的空間。它讓異質社群之間的對話成為可能。因此,當對話以敘事為軸心,參與者便是</span><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">“…</span></i><i><span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">共同創造意義的人,而心靈則成為共同交織的主體<span lang="EN-US">…</span>得以創造一個新的敘事,一個新的故事。<span lang="EN-US">”<a href="file:///C:/Users/Christa%20Wan/Desktop/%E8%A2%AB%E5%A3%93%E8%BF%AB%E8%80%85%E5%8A%87%E5%A0%B4%20%20%E6%B0%B8%E6%81%86%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF.docx#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #7030a0;">[3]</span></b></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a></span></span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "simsun";">,</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">目的是為世界命名(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">to name</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">)</span><span style="font-family: "simsun";">。</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">劇場自此轉身,成為一套跨越思想和文化藩籬的語言,一套重新建構世界的媒介</span><span style="font-family: "simsun";">。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: , serif;">參與者置身旁觀位置用新視角檢視歷史,透過對話和取代角色的行動,便能自內生出突破宿命啟動改變的力量。這股力量呼應批判教育的精神,</span><i><span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: "simsun"; mso-ascii-font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 標楷體;">“</span></i><i><span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">真正的教育始於對話。<span lang="EN-US">…</span>對話是人與人之間的邂逅(<span lang="EN-US">encounter</span>)<span lang="EN-US">…</span>在邂逅之處,並沒有完全無知的人,也沒有絕對的聖人,那兒有的只是一些正在進行嘗試的人們,他們聚在一起,想要學到比他們現在所知更多的東西。<span lang="EN-US">”</span></span></i><span style="font-family: , serif;">。劇場不再是個人內心的獨白,它讓身體成為跨越藩籬的語言,透過與他人互動交織對話的過程,意識尊重互為主體的平衡槓桿,共創命運交響曲。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">巴西聖保羅 Paulo Freire 研究中心 </td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: , serif;">批判意識是被壓迫者劇場的靈魂。在工作坊解放肢體和心智牢籠</span><span style="font-family: "simsun";">,</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">覺察內化了的箝制,並在多元共存(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">multiple-being</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">)的對話中,意識被制約的生命還有其它「選擇」的可能。劇場作為共同語言,建構傾聽和相互理解的對話,有意識地以肢體、聲音(非語言)練習表達,在細緻觀察,與人互動的同時,進行超越思想框限的對話。共學一套新語言,意味集體實踐表達與聆聽、尊重和民主的練習;反身性批判</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/Christa%20Wan/Desktop/%E8%A2%AB%E5%A3%93%E8%BF%AB%E8%80%85%E5%8A%87%E5%A0%B4%20%20%E6%B0%B8%E6%81%86%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF.docx#_ftn4" name="_ftnref4" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[4]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="font-family: , serif;">和批判意識是其核心。批判意識的特徵有三:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">a</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">、以自我覺察為前提,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">b</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">、對自己的界限處境進行反思,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">c</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">、超越界限處境朝向人性化存在的越界行動。當人們對所處環境產生鏡像式</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/Christa%20Wan/Desktop/%E8%A2%AB%E5%A3%93%E8%BF%AB%E8%80%85%E5%8A%87%E5%A0%B4%20%20%E6%B0%B8%E6%81%86%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF.docx#_ftn5" name="_ftnref5" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">[5]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="font-family: , serif;">覺察,反思現實</span><span style="font-family: "simsun";">生活和虛擬劇場</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">的界限處境;覺知界限處境和人性化的存有之間的界限並非存有與虛無之間的界限,人們會開始增強批判性,以期達成覺察中所內含的那些尚未經測試的各種可能,進而形成改變的意識——一種具批判性的意識。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">Boal</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">相信人有製作再製作、創造再創造的能力。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">2009</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">年某學員的反思日誌說:</span><i><span style="color: #b45f06; font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">被壓迫者劇場原來是一種聲音的故事,與字面上的想像不同。兩天(工作坊)的積累下來,看見自己更多,也看見環境更多,這是不是好事?不確定。在被壓迫的環境裡已習慣的人,看見自己在劇場中被呈現,當<span lang="EN-US">self</span>-<span lang="EN-US">awareness</span>(自我察覺)出現了,該怎麼辦呢?要怎麼照顧彼此的感受?</span></i><i><span style="color: #b45f06; font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"> </span></i><span style="font-family: , serif;">被壓迫者劇場的起點在自身,並且從個人與世界的關係開始。每一參與者根據自己的需求出發和他人及世界互動,其出發點與此時、此地有關</span><span style="font-family: "simsun";">,</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">而此時、此地即構成人們在其中沉淪、提升與行動的情境。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: , serif;">劇場遊戲、即興練習是喚醒主體意識的框架,敘事創作與呈現便是豐潤生命的血脈和肌理。過程中的對話和反思,除尋求自我身份認同的喜悅,亦同步凝聚社群主體意識,在覺察社群如何被歷史文化形塑的同時,也創造了開展新文化空間的可能;在解放自己的同時,也有了團結追求人性化環境的契機。</span></div>
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<a href="file:///C:/Users/Christa%20Wan/Desktop/%E8%A2%AB%E5%A3%93%E8%BF%AB%E8%80%85%E5%8A%87%E5%A0%B4%20%20%E6%B0%B8%E6%81%86%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF.docx#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[1]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "simsun"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">對話(</span><span lang="EN-US">dialogue</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">)的目的不是尋求相同見解、贏得對話,而在於揭示個體思維的不同,其本質是開放、互動交流的學習過程程。在相互接受與傾吐的過程中實現精神的相遇、相通,從而將難以言說的知識外化,因而能夠更充分地掌握複雜的議題,增進集體思維的敏感度,使得團隊能力得以提升。</span></div>
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<a href="file:///C:/Users/Christa%20Wan/Desktop/%E8%A2%AB%E5%A3%93%E8%BF%AB%E8%80%85%E5%8A%87%E5%A0%B4%20%20%E6%B0%B8%E6%81%86%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF.docx#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[2]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US"> </span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">《故事、知識、權力》</span><span lang="EN-US">p32</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///C:/Users/Christa%20Wan/Desktop/%E8%A2%AB%E5%A3%93%E8%BF%AB%E8%80%85%E5%8A%87%E5%A0%B4%20%20%E6%B0%B8%E6%81%86%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF.docx#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[3]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US"> </span><span style="font-family: "simsun";">《敘事治療》</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">安德生與古力胥安</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"> 1990a, p162</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///C:/Users/Christa%20Wan/Desktop/%E8%A2%AB%E5%A3%93%E8%BF%AB%E8%80%85%E5%8A%87%E5%A0%B4%20%20%E6%B0%B8%E6%81%86%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF.docx#_ftnref4" name="_ftn4" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[4]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US"> </span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">反身性批判促使我們正視自身的限制,但這不是指接受限制,而是從具體的社會學觀點來認識限制,了解這些限制的歷史、文化根源。在這過程,一方面,我們會認識到自己當下所受到的限制,以及自身之所以是如此的原因,使我們可以避免不自知地超越自己能正當地述說、行動的範圍,也就能讓我們更謙遜;另一方面,也可藉著了解必然限制的不必然性,也就是這些限制的歷史與文化根源,使我們找到不必然如此的可能性。</span><span lang="EN-US">(http://mail.nhu.edu.tw/~society/e-j/22/22-02.htm)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///C:/Users/Christa%20Wan/Desktop/%E8%A2%AB%E5%A3%93%E8%BF%AB%E8%80%85%E5%8A%87%E5%A0%B4%20%20%E6%B0%B8%E6%81%86%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF.docx#_ftnref5" name="_ftn5" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">[5]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US"> </span><span style="font-family: "simsun";">法國心理學家拉岡(</span><span lang="EN-US">Jacques Lacan,1901~1981</span><span style="font-family: "simsun";">)用鏡像理論解釋人的『自我』形成過程。他認為利用鏡子的概念可以使人區分出你我的差異,同時鏡子也幫我們吸收和認同整理外在概念的介入過程。</span></div>
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台灣被壓迫者劇場推展中心http://www.blogger.com/profile/10291369655404492262noreply@blogger.com0台灣臺灣23.9036873 121.0793704999999820.180818300000002 115.91579649999998 27.6265563 126.24294449999998tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-683113784628470050.post-81595684013676745982019-01-10T19:38:00.000-08:002019-01-10T19:42:50.890-08:00 被壓迫者劇場——一條永恆的解放道路(之三)<b style="text-indent: 56.05pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-size: small; font-weight: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">**********************************************************************</span></span></span></b><br />
<b style="text-indent: 56.05pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-size: small; font-weight: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="http://www.ctotw.tw/2016/06/iii.html#more">被壓迫者劇場</a></span>通過<span style="color: #741b47;">一、</span><a href="http://www.ctotw.tw/2016/11/blog-post.html#more">敘事(</a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><a href="http://www.ctotw.tw/2016/11/blog-post.html#more">Narrative</a></span><span style="font-size: small; font-weight: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><a href="http://www.ctotw.tw/2016/11/blog-post.html#more">)創作</a>、<a href="http://www.ctotw.tw/2017/03/blog-post_16.html#more">二、</a></span><span style="font-size: small; font-weight: normal; text-indent: 32px;"><a href="http://www.ctotw.tw/2017/03/blog-post_16.html#more">多元對話(Dialog)</a>、三、反思(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; text-indent: 32px;">Reflection</span><span style="font-size: small; font-weight: normal; text-indent: 32px;">)、四、行動(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; text-indent: 32px;">Action</span><span style="font-size: small; font-weight: normal; text-indent: 32px;">)四項元素攪動參與者身心匯聚能量,成就和人們一起行動相互陪伴、激盪碰撞、對話和轉化生命的解放教育歷程。這四項元素互為表裡,且相互堆疊建構出螺旋上升的支撐力量,是參與者建構自我,批判和轉化社會的基礎。</span></span></b><br />
<span style="text-indent: 32px;"><br /></span><span style="text-indent: 32px;">這一篇是關於攪動生命的第三項元素:反思</span><br />
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<b style="text-indent: 56.05pt;"><span style="font-family: , serif; font-size: 11pt;">文︰萬佩萱</span></b><b style="text-indent: 56.05pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11pt;"> </span></b><b style="text-indent: 56.05pt;"><span style="font-family: , serif; font-size: 10pt;">台灣被壓迫者劇場推展中心執行長</span></b><b style="text-indent: 56.05pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"> </span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 13.5pt; text-indent: 56.05pt;"> </span><b style="text-indent: 56.05pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10pt;">三</span></b><b style="text-indent: 56.05pt;"><span style="font-family: , serif; font-size: 10pt;">修</span></b><br />
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<b><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">(三)<a href="http://www.ctotw.tw/2012/12/blog-post_14.html#more">反思</a></span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><a href="http://www.ctotw.tw/2012/12/blog-post_14.html#more">(reflection)</a></span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">TO</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">是一個共學場域。參與者在工作坊與劇場回顧生命、傾聽多元觀點,重新認識身體和內在經驗,探索個人及社群議題成因,過程中,自我覺察與反思是促成轉化的初始契機。如</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">P. Freire</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">所言:</span><i><span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">解放(從來)不是一個禮物,也不是一項成就,而是一種互動過程。</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">TO</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">用遊戲戲劇即興創作將自身</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">議題客觀化,進而挑戰那些被固化了的社會觀點,喚醒沉睡的<a href="http://www.ctotw.tw/2013/10/blog-post_31.html#more">批判意識</a>——檢視詮釋議題的觀點、立場與背景,覺察刻板印象,留意互為主體的態度,理解並</span><span style="font-family: "simsun";">接納</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">多元文化</span><span style="font-family: "simsun";">,</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">過程因而成為培力(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">empowerment</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">)的教育旅程。</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">TO</span><span style="font-family: , serif; text-indent: 24pt;">以劇場作為轉動生命重構人性化社會的</span><span style="text-indent: 24pt;">工具</span><span style="text-indent: 24pt;">,也是創造轉化個人和社群的創新過程。該轉化過程具有三個層次意涵:</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , serif; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">一、互為主體的看見</span></b><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , serif; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">:傳統戲劇創作以導演的價值與權力為核心,其意義的產生只屬於導演本人。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">Boal</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">選擇</span><span style="font-family: "simsun";">反</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">其道而行。他在</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">著作《被壓迫者劇場》的序文中說:</span><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">“</span></i><i><span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">我,<span lang="EN-US">Augusto Boal,</span>希望觀眾發揮演員的作用,介入色和舞臺,佔領舞台、改變(被壓迫的宿命)結局。<span lang="EN-US">”</span></span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: , serif;">為了反抗觀眾與戲劇兩者間被象徵專業的權威舞臺隔離,他提出由市井小民集體創造與創作的被壓迫者美學概念。其美學概念旨在促進被壓迫者透過劇場的審美手段激勵其美感與智慧,以擴大他們對世界的理解,並傳遞發現、創造和重新創造知識的可能性。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">TO</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">以個</span><span style="font-family: "simsun";">人</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">與集體敘事做為美學素材,鼓勵人們在創作的過程除看見彼此的相同外,也能覺察彼此的差異;用合作取代競爭</span><span style="font-family: "simsun";">;</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">每一位參與的個人都能在團體中找到自己的位置,</span><span style="font-family: "simsun";">以至於</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">群體的創意亦成為個人的成就。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , serif; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">二、過程的美學:</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">TO</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">是多元生命經驗真誠相遇的對話過程。參與者在劇場創造的各種形式與意念的場景,試提出問題、解決問題、持續解構、重構,是對話、分享和反思的歷程。在這集體創作</span><span style="font-family: "simsun";">同時</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">獲益的場域,過程本身就是美學!</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , serif; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">三、知識的共有</span></b><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , serif; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">:集體創作的概念是創作過程所產生的意義和知識為參與者們共同擁有,而非任何個人單獨擁有。傳統社會研究倫理,知識的生產屬於研究者,被研究者往往被定位為無知的狀態。例如人類學家進行社群研究,是「我」來研究「他們」的生活文化,知識產出屬於「我」,最後知識也被「我」帶走。又或,劇作家採集特定社群的故事編輯成劇本,人們處於被動、提供戲劇素材的位置,社群成為被消費的「他者」且不因此獲益。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">TO</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">引導者引導人們在所有曾經發生的事件經驗基礎上,一步步釋放被禁錮的感知,提升個人和群體的<a href="http://www.ctotw.tw/2011/04/blog-post_7313.html#more">意識</a>層次,是拓展個人和集體意識的解放歷程。<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-3lGAvSOsmaU/WQKaniYjEtI/AAAAAAAACsY/d3EjJoY9nbEL3DFIxQWwNuyvZe8uXy5bACLcB/s1600/%25E9%25AC%25BC%25E9%25AC%25BC.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-3lGAvSOsmaU/WQKaniYjEtI/AAAAAAAACsY/d3EjJoY9nbEL3DFIxQWwNuyvZe8uXy5bACLcB/s1600/%25E9%25AC%25BC%25E9%25AC%25BC.JPG" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">土城少年觀護所<a href="http://www.ctotw.tw/2016/03/blog-post_13.html#more">青雲山莊女孩的反思</a></td></tr>
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人們穿梭在劇場虛擬和現實的鏡子裡,在有觀看或重新命名建立批判意識的過程,尋得自我生命的意義、建立主體意識,凝聚個人和社群共識,是一趟自我培力的教育旅程。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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台灣被壓迫者劇場推展中心http://www.blogger.com/profile/10291369655404492262noreply@blogger.com0台灣臺灣23.9036873 121.0793704999999820.180818300000002 115.91579649999998 27.6265563 126.24294449999998tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-683113784628470050.post-9675922348711619322018-05-30T02:24:00.003-07:002018-05-30T02:41:10.232-07:00Mobilizing Myself: The Joker as Object of Oppression 被壓迫者劇場引導者的内驅力<b> Posted by Mandala Center on May 27, 2018 in Blog | </b><br />
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<b>轉載 <a href="http://www.mandalaforchange.com/site/blog/mobilizing-myself-the-joker-as-object-of-oppression/" target="_blank">被壓迫者劇場引導者的内驅力</a> </b><br />
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<b><span lang="EN-US">by Phui Yi Kong</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><b>I was born, raised, and currently live in
Malaysia.<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><b>When I was facilitating Theatre of the
Oppressed (TO) workshops in college in southern Maine, USA, TO offerings were
easier to set up and support. Groups would instinctively grasp the critical
nature of the process, diving deeper into it to milk the form’s potential.
These participants were a combination of academics and seasoned activists. They
already carried a belief in individual social change. When given a chance to
work collectively on an issue, these primed groups would self-mobilize. Almost
all the time, they would teach me about the issue at hand. My role, as a
facilitator/Joker, was to keep the dialogue and problem solving hats rotating
through the group members. I became a container for everyone to talk to each
other using their true voice. Things changed when I returned home.<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><b>Fast-forward to the time my TO Mentorship
began, I had just resettled in my childhood home of Malaysia and began a career
as a secondary school teacher. The conversations I was having and hearing
around me changed from questions about how to set up guerilla activist action
outside the statehouse to how lessons are getting through to learners. Both
questions are important and factors in pushing social change, but the latter
had dulled my senses. If “slumping” was a participle, it would aptly
describe the circumstances through which I operated in the past year to
facilitate Theatre of the Oppressed:<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<b><i><span lang="EN-US"><span style="color: #cc0000;">‘Slumping through the year in her own
stomping ground, she barely roused political will.’</span></span></i></b><br />
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<span lang="EN-US"><b>Failure is a lovely teacher. Through this
mentorship, I have failed aplenty. In the first three months, 14 year-old girls
stared, puzzled, at the prospect of the <i>Columbian Hypnosis</i> game.
For the next six months, workshop participants at a senior cum abandoned folk
centre wandered in and out of sessions, while management reluctantly provided a
private room for the work. Ten months after the Mentorship began, my school
administrators mandated staff to donate money and tied their attendance, at a
forum play I facilitated, to their performance review. (The TO troupe consisted
of Afghan refugees living in Malaysia.) The vehicles of anti-oppression seem to
run in the same streams as forces antithetical to liberation. I would try a
different tactic to practice TO and each intervention seemed only partially
satisfactory. What next?<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><b>TO practitioners, who have gone back to a
different community than the one they first practiced in, require a
reminder that the values underlining TO may not
be reinforced by the community they are now in. It is
insufficient to say that different communities have different values. Instead,
each community brings an enveloping cloud of operational values that
potentially drain the facilitator’s inclination to propose liberating and
embodied forms of expression. A facilitator can support a group’s process, but
not at the expense of core TO values. This paragraph is worth a close reading,
as the ideas echo Paulo Freire’s “fear of freedom”.<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><b>This draining predicament is not something
outwardly expressed in a group of people but a product of being treated as
objects for others rather than subjects of history (again Freire is at play). The
people are not the ones who resist embodiment; the hiccup lies within the
facilitator’s relationship with the powers of authoritarian management. The
caretakers, the bosses and the expectations towards the role of a teacher (as
bankers of knowledge not as liberators) stir the pot, not the
individual. And here, I am explicitly including myself as an object of
oppression. I am a member of this urban, Southeast Asian, authoritarian
society. To use tools of Theatre of the Oppressed in Malaysia, mobilizing Malaysians
as historical actors, I would have to better comprehend the circumstances
behind the reluctance to freedom — perhaps my own.<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><b>It is insufficient to merely acknowledge
the region’s colonial past, national affirmative action policies barring education
and economic attainment for minorities, draconian laws against freedom of
speech, and the consenting poor treatment of the elderly and the
abandoned. There must be a deeper critical tackling of each of these systemic
injustices with first hand interface with groups of
stakeholders. Education must interlace with TO and be led by those under
institutional regime, not the regiment leaders.<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><b>One mistake I have made since starting this
TO mentorship is working in groups where the people are different than I am in
age and background. There is overlap in terms of vernacular upbringing and
being from the same area, but the groups who may more readily meet the clarion
call of collective resistance using theatre and art as a medium are the
overseas-educated civic-minded yuppies – perhaps the English-speaking,
Chinese-educated urbanites who WANT to make their voices heard. I have
witnessed and am privy to the immense privilege in these slices
of society, but I also have personally experienced difficulty in setting words
to opinions. And rather than euphemize actual sentiment, I self-censor. A
fundamental literacy about the political voice is lost, has been lost.<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><b>In this self-reflection of the purpose and
use of TO back in my stomping grounds, there has been an intense
uncovering of my deeper intentions as a newly returned member of this urban
community. The ongoing-ness of this effort is made easier by the TO Distance
Mentorship’s support. This year didn’t feel as solitary because I was
reminded in our monthly calls of the humanizing potential of the work.<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><b>To do this work, a person has to take a
deep look at their own limitations of political voice, identify the barriers to
its expression, and be prepared to stutter and babble their way into a stable
inner discourse on the self as actor (rather than object) – so that others may
do their own liberating. And this process is best done with others.<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<i><span lang="EN-US"><span style="color: #cc0000;"><b>“when suddenly she realized . . . words
were . . . what? . . who?. . no! . . she! . . [Pause and movement 2.] . . .
realized . . . words were coming . . . imagine! . . . words were coming . . . a
voice she did not recognize at first so long since it had sounded . . . then
finally had to admit . . . could be none other . . . than her own”</b></span></span></i><span lang="EN-US"><b><br />
– Mouth in Samuel Beckett’s “Not I”</b><span style="font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<h4>
<b><i><span lang="EN-US">
Phui Yi Kong</span></i></b><i><span lang="EN-US"> is a school teacher and TO
practitioner in Malaysia. She is also one of six international participants in
the Mandala Center’s inaugural “Distance Mentorship for TO
practitioners.” <a href="mailto:yiphuik@gmail.com">yiphuik@gmail.com</a></span></i></h4>
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<br />台灣被壓迫者劇場推展中心http://www.blogger.com/profile/10291369655404492262noreply@blogger.com0台灣臺灣23.9036873 121.0793704999999820.180818300000002 115.91579649999998 27.6265563 126.24294449999998tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-683113784628470050.post-59497101359243823122017-11-22T02:19:00.003-08:002017-11-22T02:24:21.919-08:00106年度部落健康營造北中區教育訓練——種籽反思日誌<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: #38761d;"><b><span lang="EN-US">台灣原住民醫學學會 陳</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">暳陵整理</span></b></span></div>
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<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-R7EMIrP6qdg/WhVL-ufvtAI/AAAAAAAAC20/6P2JK8lpkVkoK1-DVArSwglgZJPRNxTIACLcBGAs/s1600/DSC06759.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="986" data-original-width="1600" height="246" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-R7EMIrP6qdg/WhVL-ufvtAI/AAAAAAAAC20/6P2JK8lpkVkoK1-DVArSwglgZJPRNxTIACLcBGAs/s400/DSC06759.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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position:relative;top:2.0pt;mso-text-raise:-2.0pt'>○</span><span lang=EN-US>,1)</span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-US"><!--[if !supportFields]-->1、</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">終於對課程內容有了一些了解。我覺得當領導者比較容易,引導者則必須要更有智慧。以前(衛福部)的課幾乎都是在講領導者,沒上過引導者的課程。這課程對我們(部落)工作者很多的幫助。聆聽、陪伴似乎是我缺乏的,感謝老師的啟發,讓我有更多的反思,放下自己真實以對,才能看到事情的真相。我是來對了,感謝這</span><span lang="EN-US">2</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">天的課程,回到部落回到工作多觀察,常以圓來對話。</span></div>
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position:relative;top:2.0pt;mso-text-raise:-2.0pt'>○</span><span lang=EN-US>,2)</span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-US"><!--[if !supportFields]-->2、</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">這是第</span><span lang="EN-US">3</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">次上課程,由過程中更認識自己,透過劇場讓我反思部落的問題,也許可以介入策略,帶動部落讓原鄉的人成為引導者,最後透過劇場切入不同的主題。</span></div>
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<a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-9ACmaJQVRB8/WhVMeZM-LUI/AAAAAAAAC3A/x2xhOip5i1wd1wvQG1CvRG34AupNRQeDgCLcBGAs/s1600/DSC06737.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1086" data-original-width="1600" height="217" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-9ACmaJQVRB8/WhVMeZM-LUI/AAAAAAAAC3A/x2xhOip5i1wd1wvQG1CvRG34AupNRQeDgCLcBGAs/s320/DSC06737.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體" , serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體" , serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">看著鏡中的自己,更是突顯自己在部落的所需與想法,很多時候我們常常是被動者,很少說話,無論遊戲或劇場,這樣的模式更能讓我會多學習,很多時候就因為這樣啟發,會讓人覺得任何事都可以改善得好還要再好。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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font-family:"新細明體",serif;mso-fareast-font-family:新細明體;mso-fareast-theme-font:
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position:relative;top:2.0pt;mso-text-raise:-2.0pt'>○</span><span lang=EN-US>,3)</span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-US"><!--[if !supportFields]-->3、</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">從劇場來看部落的生態問題依然存在,但給我很大的反思,我要如何看待我現在做的工作,我能夠給予部落什麼</span><span lang="EN-US">?</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">我能夠幫助他們什麼</span><span lang="EN-US">?</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">小小的力量也可創造很大的影響,多陪伴多關懷,一點一滴幫助他們這才是我像要做的,部落需要我們的。</span></div>
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position:relative;top:2.0pt;mso-text-raise:-2.0pt'>○</span><span lang=EN-US>,4)</span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-US"><!--[if !supportFields]-->4、</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">早上出發在車上反覆思想什麼是被壓迫者劇場</span><span lang="EN-US">?</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">到底老師教什麼</span><span lang="EN-US">?</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">但從一開始上課給我帶來很大的震撼及啟發,沒有想到可以透過不同的遊戲,得到不同的啟發,在遊戲中可以不分彼此你我來互動,從彼此的不認識因為遊戲激勵自己要去認識每一個人,感覺到你不得不放下自己,去突破一道牆,不然似乎你要趕不上別人。</span></div>
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<a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-aEbgbQCG9F8/WhVMSpVxCEI/AAAAAAAAC24/2Pej4ZhJIuMAxmzK_1pxgA73_qxFHpLhwCLcBGAs/s1600/DSC06705.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1115" data-original-width="1600" height="223" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-aEbgbQCG9F8/WhVMSpVxCEI/AAAAAAAAC24/2Pej4ZhJIuMAxmzK_1pxgA73_qxFHpLhwCLcBGAs/s320/DSC06705.JPG" width="320" /></a><span style="font-family: , serif;">從彼此認識的課程開始,原本大家的動作還有一點害羞,後來在歡笑聲完成了每一次的遊戲且發覺原來是那麼簡單只要願意放下自己,凡事都可以完成的。重要的是遊戲帶來的多的啟發,遊戲好好玩喔。</span></div>
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position:relative;top:2.0pt;mso-text-raise:-2.0pt'>○</span><span lang=EN-US>,5)</span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-US"><!--[if !supportFields]-->5、</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">經歷了今天的課程,讓我從中學習如何放鬆自己被壓迫的自己被釋放出來,真的很開心。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: , serif;">常壓抑自己的我,付出了許多的淚水,透過今天的壓迫,終於把自己就出來了,希望自己能堅強的走完人生的路程,即使許多的挫折與艱難,也能當作人生中的重要課程,一同和另一半攜手度過。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: , serif;">感謝衛生局讓我有機會參與這樣的課程,我很珍惜,同為被壓迫的自己,終於走出來了,不再被壓迫,壓抑,重新尋找新的天空和微笑,喜樂的靈仍是良藥;枯燥的靈使心憂傷,告訴自己壓迫的自己加油,微笑讓身心靈更健康更美好。</span></div>
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position:relative;top:2.0pt;mso-text-raise:-2.0pt'>○</span><span lang=EN-US>,6)</span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-US"><!--[if !supportFields]-->6、</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">透過本次的活動打破了以往上一系列固定模式的課程,將自己完全放鬆,也放掉目前承辦的計畫方案內容。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: , serif;">從早上的課程省思自己不曾是在工作磁場、家庭、朋友</span><span lang="EN-US">…</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">等等的人際關係,帶給我創新的想法及思維,能讓我進一步或更大的空間去想更多的事。從個人</span><span lang="EN-US">(</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">個體</span><span lang="EN-US">)</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">到團體的關係裡面,原來可以跨出一大步可以學習的更多,只是目前比較缺乏的是抗壓性不夠,多一點團隊的樂趣或活動,我覺得可以帶動部落生活樂趣。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: , serif;">期待將今天所學帶進部落帶進教會帶進家庭。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體" , serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">今天的學習非常棒,期待我自己也能提升帶動的能力,謝謝老師們</span><span lang="EN-US">!</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">你們真的很棒</span><span lang="EN-US">!<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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position:relative;top:2.0pt;mso-text-raise:-2.0pt'>○</span><span lang=EN-US>,7)</span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-US"><!--[if !supportFields]-->7、</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">透過臨演劇場的演出,反思部落的文化、生活作息、家庭關係、各人問題等等都影響到各個層面。</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">它帶給我自己的省思是,該如何擬定下一個期程,更重要的是本身的各種教育訓練也都要有所成長,才能帶進部落營造推動工作。</span></div>
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<a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-3zuUPc1uoRA/WhVNZGUdARI/AAAAAAAAC3U/O1KSSN0Hs3AHctlVpymk1hQNeKUCwb6wQCLcBGAs/s1600/IMG_3677.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="300" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-3zuUPc1uoRA/WhVNZGUdARI/AAAAAAAAC3U/O1KSSN0Hs3AHctlVpymk1hQNeKUCwb6wQCLcBGAs/s400/IMG_3677.JPG" width="400" /></a><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">很棒的一個學習,在部落透過劇場的演出,可帶來不一樣的觸動及改變</span><span lang="EN-US">!</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">期待下一次的劇場、帶動部落。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: , serif;">現代的社會衡赤著面具的人生,人心就因環境也跟著轉變起來,漸漸失去作孩童的笑容,反璞歸真是現今每個人所要的,但回頭一望似乎有所失去,但當下明白的還有機會,看不見卻是不斷流失。人的一生所迫求的是名或者利還是回憶,有句話說</span><span lang="EN-US">: </span><span style="font-family: , serif;">「其中可夸的不過是勞苦愁煩」共勉之。</span></div>
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<a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-APuftXOChXM/WhVNIWnc6SI/AAAAAAAAC3Q/AhTxy_X2HGgrQspfl8CFCkfqZ5a42jyqQCLcBGAs/s1600/IMG_3755.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-APuftXOChXM/WhVNIWnc6SI/AAAAAAAAC3Q/AhTxy_X2HGgrQspfl8CFCkfqZ5a42jyqQCLcBGAs/s320/IMG_3755.JPG" width="320" /></a><span lang="EN-US"><br /></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體" , serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">更讓我更積極去想要推動部落健康教育營造的工作,今日的創作</span><span style="font-family: "dengxian"; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">劇場</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">所演出的事都跟部落節制飲酒有關係,希望更加了解後再深入部落。來達到節制飲酒。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體" , serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">原住民加油</span><span lang="EN-US">!<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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position:relative;top:2.0pt;mso-text-raise:-2.0pt'>○</span><span lang=EN-US>,12)</span><![endif]--><span lang="EN-US"><!--[if !supportFields]-->12、</span><span style="font-family: , serif;">平日的忙碌使自己慢慢失去思考對生活的感動透過靜心,在輕音樂的迴盪,我的心重新找到方向及自己,透過工作坊的引導,讓人的互動更親密及開放,也看到劇場表演每個人的人生戲幕雖有許多的無奈及不得已,但也都能透過戲劇的表達,使自己重新思考定位。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體" , serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">在掌中世界裏,發現真正的自我原來如此喜歡在掌控的世界中隨心所欲地完成自己的夢,也未曾想過自己竟可能在短時間內記住</span><span lang="EN-US">10</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體" , serif; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">位夥伴的名字。在今天的工作坊學習,讓我更感動的是分享及每個人提供的溫度與契合。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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台灣被壓迫者劇場推展中心http://www.blogger.com/profile/10291369655404492262noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-683113784628470050.post-57803754205099091592017-11-01T19:02:00.003-07:002017-11-22T02:15:18.705-08:00106年度部落健康營造南區教育訓練——論壇劇場種籽反思日誌<br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px;">"We are all full of stories, stories which need to be told and – equally importantly – need to be heard. It’s a primitive, basic need... I loved the fluidity and engagement of the Forum process. I trust it."</span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"><br /></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px;">"每一個人都有許多需要被說出來的故事, 重要的是,得有人聽。 這是人類的本能... 我喜歡論壇劇場流動的參與過程。 " </span><a aria-controls="js_476" aria-describedby="js_477" aria-haspopup="true" aria-hidden="true" class="_5pb8 _1yz2 _8o _8s lfloat _ohe" data-ft="{"tn":"\u003C"}" data-hovercard-prefer-more-content-show="1" data-hovercard-referer="ARRak0_gNHthhPFfUosggyIudJRMI4snm4a0lHZZk4CGrA-52Y1U6nF8526Rllu2IiA" data-hovercard="/ajax/hovercard/page.php?id=193702384011117&extragetparams=%7B%22hc_ref%22%3A%22ARRak0_gNHthhPFfUosggyIudJRMI4snm4a0lHZZk4CGrA-52Y1U6nF8526Rllu2IiA%22%7D" href="https://www.facebook.com/cardboardcitizens/?ref=nf&hc_ref=ARRak0_gNHthhPFfUosggyIudJRMI4snm4a0lHZZk4CGrA-52Y1U6nF8526Rllu2IiA" id="js_478" style="background-color: white; color: #365899; cursor: pointer; display: inline !important; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin-right: 8px; padding-bottom: 3px;" tabindex="-1" target="">~~~</a><span class="fwb" style="background-color: white; color: #90949c; font-family: inherit; font-size: 15px; font-weight: bold;"><a aria-controls="js_46h" aria-describedby="js_46i" aria-haspopup="true" class="profileLink" data-ft="{"tn":"k"}" data-hovercard-prefer-more-content-show="1" data-hovercard-referer="ARTehmBWXbqOPJMBxJC_vkmipCDxKkBER7ePEkWjYPMLjxUjY__v6G4y6WbGwhxCTRs" data-hovercard="/ajax/hovercard/page.php?id=193702384011117&extragetparams=%7B%22hc_ref%22%3A%22ARTehmBWXbqOPJMBxJC_vkmipCDxKkBER7ePEkWjYPMLjxUjY__v6G4y6WbGwhxCTRs%22%7D" href="https://www.facebook.com/cardboardcitizens/?hc_ref=ARTehmBWXbqOPJMBxJC_vkmipCDxKkBER7ePEkWjYPMLjxUjY__v6G4y6WbGwhxCTRs" id="js_46j" style="color: #365899; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit;">Cardboard Citizens</a></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #90949c; font-family: inherit; font-size: 15px;"> </span><br />
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<b style="text-indent: 1cm;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 32px;"><span style="color: #38761d;"> </span></span><span style="line-height: 24px;"><span style="color: #38761d;">台灣原住民醫學學會 </span></span></b><b style="text-indent: 1cm;"><span style="line-height: 32px;"><span style="color: #38761d;">張含桑 </span></span></b><b style="text-indent: 1cm;"><span style="line-height: 32px;"><span style="color: #38761d;">整理</span></span></b><br />
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">一、</span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">印象最深刻的遊戲為鏡子裡的鏡子!!表達出內心最真實的自己不用拘束,不用被束縛,呈現最真實的自己!<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="font-size: large;">論壇劇場將工作中會遇到的方向難題、難處,藉由劇場表達出大家的無奈,會後討論大家集思廣益分享希望大家能在未來工作順利。</span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">二、</span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">今天的課程中令我印象深刻的是論壇劇場,透過戲劇演出反映生活問題,而學到可以使成員加入問題的情境,協助分享提出解決方法,進而引導大家覺得很棒!<span lang="EN-US">2</span>天工作坊體悟,陪伴其實是最好的營造成果。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><a href="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-I8LBKZBVq3o/Wfp4h5EiriI/AAAAAAAAC1s/3wDag28Mpc4sH6vm7ZkwBu5VAiOzzWL5ACLcBGAs/s1600/DSC06958.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1281" height="320" src="https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-I8LBKZBVq3o/Wfp4h5EiriI/AAAAAAAAC1s/3wDag28Mpc4sH6vm7ZkwBu5VAiOzzWL5ACLcBGAs/s320/DSC06958.JPG" width="256" /></a><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;"> 三、</span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">今天的論壇劇場是最令人印象深刻的,將眾人的故事融為一體成為一個故事,覺得很有趣。在演出時也很入戲,大家都很用心,甚至沒想到觀眾會成為演員,覺得好新鮮。另外,透過戲劇可以了解到各司其職的為難及重要性,希望此論壇劇場在未來我們可以運用。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">四、</span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">情境演戲:感動</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; mso-ascii-font-family: 標楷體; mso-hansi-font-family: 標楷體;">。</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">確實演出了(部落營造)助理的無奈,尤其是承辦人與助理間的默契與溝通,雖然在自己單位沒發生過,但我相信溝通是非常重要,有助於完美成功地去達成一個目標或設定的工作。針對目前上班刷卡的機制,似乎在基層服務的我們這樣的小人物,確實也算是打擾我們的麻煩,尤其是我們常常會進進出出,有時一忙忘了刷卡,便會成了曠職,甚至得寫報告。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">五、</span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">很喜歡今天的課程安排,因為信任閉著眼睛都能奔跑</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; mso-ascii-font-family: 標楷體; mso-hansi-font-family: 標楷體;">。</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">鏡中自己的遊戲因為加入了自己的故事而有了更多情緒,看到鏡子給予自己回應的同時,似乎也被療癒了,原來透過眼神的肢體或傳達也能產生同理的作用,這一刻是感動的。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="font-size: large;">劇場論壇的創作,呈現表演者的故事,因為大家有了相同的工作性質,所以產生了很多共鳴,讓每個人有更多的發洩或知道如何轉換自己,謝謝老師和同學共同的努力。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">六、</span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">第二天的活動呈現自己生活中的角色,不論是鏡子<span lang="EN-US">or</span>自己。在論壇劇場裡,也簡單的演出目前職位上的困境與無奈,我喜歡這樣的課程與釋放,但現實生活中的我不喜歡現在的工作環境,不喜歡回辦公室,好希望有許多課可上,跟夥伴們在一起真的好開心。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;"> 七、</span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">劇場方式表達工作情境,更具有張力,更能讓人理解狀況,而不是為了只顧自己而忽視其他,更能願意解決主角的困境,擬出了具有人性的解決方案,每件事情<span lang="EN-US">(</span>件<span lang="EN-US">)</span>包含人、事、地,面對的人不同結局是顯著的差異,先求有再求好,學會發聲而非承受。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">八、</span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">把創作能與生活的現實結合,讓劇場演出更貼近每個人心中。觀眾因有所感受,能至劇中帶入不同思維的看見,是立即給予當事人一種解救。在平常經驗的分享,通常是有困難的</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; mso-ascii-font-family: 標楷體; mso-hansi-font-family: 標楷體;">,</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">沒辦法用言語表達,倘若當事人不說,這些困難、問題往往無法被看見,使用劇場表達,透過角色扮演解決無法<span lang="EN-US">say</span>不能<span lang="EN-US">say</span>不會<span lang="EN-US">say</span>的困境,也不會對誰有標註的疑慮,是可以讓不習慣說話的人,透過演出來表達問題及變成議題,用對的方式演出。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">九、</span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">這天最令我難忘的是鏡中的自己,利用肢體去傳達自己時,腦袋裡其實是有很多關於現在所遇到的困境,再透過肢體去做表達時,情緒跟上來,幾乎是無法控制的。結束後,覺得身心裡得到很多釋放,感謝老師們</span><span style="font-family: "simsun"; mso-ascii-font-family: 標楷體; mso-hansi-font-family: 標楷體;">,</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">經過這麼長時間的壓抑、情緒、壓力在這兩天得到很大的抒發。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><a href="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Be3hG5BX4sA/Wfp5hi7yArI/AAAAAAAAC2Q/RcZE36l1684lpDgDE2B-EAGhlX9iFOxlACLcBGAs/s1600/DSC06920.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="785" data-original-width="1600" height="195" src="https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Be3hG5BX4sA/Wfp5hi7yArI/AAAAAAAAC2Q/RcZE36l1684lpDgDE2B-EAGhlX9iFOxlACLcBGAs/s400/DSC06920.JPG" width="400" /></a><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;"> 十、</span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">如果真的有一、兩面鏡子,可以互映現在的我,每天下班後回家,回去看那面鏡,一天當中不想面對的,又再重覆撥放,思考一天當中的作為,是否值得鼓勵及探討,每天面對不一樣的挑戰。鏡子裡的我是我想要的那樣嗎<span lang="EN-US">?</span>職場的困境,自己的困擾,什麼時候可以激起一陣漣漪,不再被自己框住,能開放自己綻放。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">十一、<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">最令人印象深刻的是論壇劇場,描述各區專助(專案助理)的難處,從家庭→職場→社區上的人為及公務上的雜事。往往容易也讓人員流動高,且又因內部組織問題造成議題推動上的困難,看完同仁所演譯出的劇本後,深感觸良多,自己除了要改變溝通,相對的是公部門主管,也未必能插手這些事。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">論壇劇場:突破自己、融入其中,跟自己說:「即使表現不如期望」也不會否定自己,發現不一樣的我。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">十三、<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">透過戲劇論的演出從大家的身上、自己的身上分享工作、家庭、生活裡的一切<span lang="EN-US">(</span>兩難<span lang="EN-US">)</span>有共通的地方也不少,感覺不是只有一個人有這樣的問題,而大家的解決方式也不同,再想想如果是我的話,是否能夠激盪出不一樣的火花,可以思考到不同的面相。透過大家的戲劇展現,省思現在的自己發生在自己身上的每一件事,原來我們有共通點。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><a href="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Z14H5Re1oP0/Wfp4rxHayfI/AAAAAAAAC2A/KW91_CoGaU0S7kqLJpv-dWDHy0d02c_ugCEwYBhgL/s1600/DSC06969.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1151" data-original-width="1600" height="230" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Z14H5Re1oP0/Wfp4rxHayfI/AAAAAAAAC2A/KW91_CoGaU0S7kqLJpv-dWDHy0d02c_ugCEwYBhgL/s320/DSC06969.JPG" width="320" /></a><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;"> 十四、<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">參加被壓迫者劇場種籽培訓課程第三年,由怪怪的課、不太喜歡的課到今年的自然、安心、很放鬆的感覺,至少不再排斥。在每一個遊戲也好、分享也是,都進入輕鬆自在(暫時跳開生活中的壓力、煩惱),那種釋放自我的舒暢。把自己放在這課程中的一份子,跟老師、同學互動不再生疏,打開自己心門,很自然的投入其中每個氛圍,很舒服。</span></span><span style="font-size: large; text-indent: 21.25pt;"> </span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: large; text-indent: -24pt;">十五、<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span style="font-size: large; text-indent: -24pt;">藉由劇場的演出,可以讓民眾更加了解到現實所遇到的事情,並邀請民眾,以他們想到的方法來解決所看到的問題,同一件事是可以有多方面的角度來思考的,希望以後能有機會再參加,謝謝兩位老師。</span></div>
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</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">專助的兩年,運用演的方式提出,大家提供回饋、回應反思,也許無法真正的解決事情,但是學會用另一個方式去思考,用不一樣的角度去想,也許事情會不一樣。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">今天劇場的展演讓自己隱約地透露出自己心中的不忙、不愉快,但很多時候說就可以獲得幫助,不一定做就可以獲得認同,因此在工作上只求安穩度過即可。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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</span></span><!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="font-size: large;">藉由掌中的我,感受自己每日的生活改變及生活點滴;盲人開車是遇到困境要如何面對、改變、轉變;論壇劇場三部戲活活的呈現當下專助的工作態度及困境,如何改變自己的做事方式及調整自己工作的計劃,對上對下的溝通、處理的方式以及自己在職場上的工作態度。感謝在這劇場中學到很多該與不該的事情,心情與態度、做事先後順序分清楚,自己的工作預定表及日誌很重要。</span></span></div>
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台灣被壓迫者劇場推展中心http://www.blogger.com/profile/10291369655404492262noreply@blogger.com0台灣23.69781 120.9605149999999916.258457 110.6333665 31.137163 131.28766349999998tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-683113784628470050.post-41889816970357226972017-10-26T20:34:00.002-07:002017-10-30T04:01:07.223-07:00106年度部落健康營造教育訓練——被壓迫者劇場種籽反思日誌<b style="text-indent: 1cm;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 32px;"><span style="color: #38761d;"> </span></span><span style="line-height: 24px;"><span style="color: #38761d;">台灣原住民醫學學會 </span></span></b><b style="text-indent: 1cm;"><span style="line-height: 32px;"><span style="color: #38761d;">張含桑 </span></span></b><b style="text-indent: 1cm;"><span style="line-height: 32px;"><span style="color: #38761d;">整理</span></span></b><br />
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">一、</span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">未來上課之前確實背了許多壓力,但知道這兩天的課不需要揹著而是完全呈現自己。我是一個愛觀察卻不愛表現的人,也會覺得自己的表達,自己的展現要有存在感。活動久了,越來越放鬆地展現自我,而不是刻意。在活動中提供許多想法,覺得被採納事件高興的事,當然,很多現實生活中不是我能決定的。當選擇了方案<span lang="EN-US">B</span>,有許多壓力、煩惱,但<span lang="EN-US">B</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: large;">案</span><span style="font-size: large; text-indent: -24pt;">已經在進行了就向前看齊吧!</span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">二、</span><!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="font-size: large;">到今天為止上課之前原本一直不是很想參加,因為(報名表)課程內容幾乎跟去年一樣,但課程開始後發現因為成員的不同有了不一樣的互動,開始對課程有了其他的感受,每個活動都有肢體觸碰或眼神的交流,這樣的感受是平常與人接觸是比較少的體會,就會覺得是習以為常,但認真感覺是很棒的,在活動的最後去反思自己的身份,並創作了戲劇更深刻感受每個人的情緒,感覺很溫暖。</span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">三、</span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">掌控每一個角色所扮演的自己,透過觀察發現問題、解決問題,客觀地去剖析每件事情,如同每一場遊戲,都會角色互、立場對調,若是都能設身處地、善解人意、聆聽他人的聲音、拓展自我視角,事情的結果與過程都會是舒服的。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">四、</span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">雖然之前就已參加過,但歷經一年面對的夥伴不同,因此,無論在任何一個階段的遊戲也會有不同的感受,透過戲劇傳達自我重要角色、盲人開車<span lang="EN-US">(</span>彼此的信任感<span lang="EN-US">)</span>算是較有體會的。並透過大小圓的分享中了解彼此,傾聽每一位都有各自的負擔的角色及生活中的難處,而又是如何解決。反思自我與想要讓許多是盡力,但周遭卻有許多的困難,但唯有透過團隊才可共同解決。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">五、</span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">在第一天的遊戲中我比較印象深刻的是<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">(</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">一<span lang="EN-US">)</span>掌中世界:學習不管是對待家庭上、工作上當作身 處在一個引導掌握者的身份時切記,別太一意孤行,必須考量別人的能力或身體的負荷,稍微停下腳步試問別人的感受,盡量別破壞合作氣氛。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體;">(</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">二<span lang="EN-US">)</span>我的四個角色:選擇了身為女兒的現處環境的無奈與感慨!藉由活動分享真性情的流淚抒發,感謝獲得夥伴的共鳴與安慰,適時的釋放了心中些許的嘆息!<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">六、</span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">每個個體在這世上都有他的作用,透過工坊的活動,暫時放鬆不用太多的負擔及壓力,但現實生活中的環境及工作職場不得不去實行操作,在活動的我的角色原來自己在這當中我是不可缺少的,是家人是工作中重要的角色,藉由活動中感受活在當下放鬆工作的腳步,心態是很重要的及工作中的氣氛,對自己要好好守住健康的身心靈。</span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">七、</span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">這是我第三次參加被壓迫劇場!一次次以來我覺得我進不少,比較敢訴說心裡的聲音,雖然這次的課程跟之前的差不多,但由於新增新的夥伴,所以增添了不少趣味,每次的課程都讓我在溝通這方面有了新的視野,謝謝課程帶給我的進步。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">八、</span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">盲人開車,一種信任感的建立,因為不熟悉所以擔心、緊張,但熟悉後信認微微增加了,用手的溫暖營造安全感。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">九、</span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">學員透過鏡中的自己可以抒發心裡的苦或專一心情,也能分享侃侃而談,感覺又把大家提升了<span lang="EN-US">(</span>發現自己也是可以的<span lang="EN-US">)</span>。學員的每個角度,或聽、靜、動中也好,回想到自己也是這樣走過來的,給自己一個反思如果當初做了別的選擇會是怎樣?選擇面對又是怎樣的結果?就勇敢的做吧,不做會有種後悔的感覺。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">十、</span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">去年<span lang="EN-US">105</span>年第一次上這門課感到無趣,今年上了課後深深的體會到放鬆的心情。盲人開車的遊戲中有兩個感受,被駕馭是一種學習交託,信任的課題也是難題,過程中發現其實人跟人之間都要真誠相待,彼此放下猜忌的心、不比較,並認真地引導駕駛,讓得來不易的信任及交託可以永存彼此的心。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">十一、<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">今天的課程雖然已參加第三次了,但每次的收穫都截然不同,而最深刻的是我的四個角色,在這角色裡的選擇四分之三都有關家庭,我的第一順位是孫女,在我心中最大的遺憾是沒有好好利用時間陪家人,但感謝的心從未減少過,希望在未來我能多利用時間陪伴親愛的家人。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">十二、<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">從遊戲中釋放內心的自己,有害怕、有擔憂、要有信任感,讓自己的每一步都走得很小心,和不同的人搭檔,從不熟悉中適應對方,要信任對方,在短時間要產生信任感也是有點難內<span lang="EN-US">~ </span></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">十三、<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">我喜歡我的名字,每個名字都回憶了我的成長過程與經歷。讓我因著不同名字來回顧、回憶。掌中世界,我是性子急的人,奇妙的是藉由這個活動我愛上慢動作,非常吸引人的意境、體會,我很享受那份寧靜。我的四個角色,我把基督徒的身份擺第一位,因為我深信這個角色做得好,其他的都不會是問題,祂是一切祝福的源頭。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">十四、<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">對於這次的課程沒有很大的期待感及新鮮感,感覺只是在複習,因此…都還算可以。分組進行分享時較令我<span lang="EN-US">enjoy</span>可以從中去認識不同經驗,傾聽他人的故事是件很棒的事,當有人跟自己的故事相同時較能感同身受、同理心。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">在這個時刻好好安靜自己的心,傾聽自己的聲音,接受自己此刻最真實的感受,信任自己的同伴,相信對方會好好的協助的,協助你完成每個動作或指令!很開心任是新的朋友,放心地互相交心。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">自我探討更了解自己可以成為別人的幫助,也能有餘力幫助,不管職場生活中,互相信任與包容,人無十全十美,但能互補、互助,在不同身份擔任不同角色、定位,在相處聊天過程中更能深入明白不是每個人都像外表那樣堅強、快樂,但願意傾聽彼此並鼓勵,互動過程中,雖不了解,但依然去完成享受在這裡面。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: large;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; mso-bidi-font-family: 標楷體;">十七、<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">帶著一顆期待的心來上課,整個活動過程就像一場冒險,永遠不知道下一個指令是什麼。在我的四個角色的單元裡,特別有感觸,定位四個生活中的角色,再從中排行,那是很難的選擇,因為每個都很重要,最後排名第一位的決定,在述說角色時,又好像重新認識自己,好棒!這是令人難忘的一天。</span></span></div>
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</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">走過第三次被壓迫者劇場的培訓,感受今日比以往深刻,也是因為從原本學員的角色更邁向引導人的角色。</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: 標楷體;"> 在部落的我們其實是很重要的陪伴者也是引導人的角色,讓部落的問題被察覺被提出成為議題,並透過大家的對話發現、面對及解決是很重要的。今日引導人的角色除了要眼觀四方耳聽八方外,還要聽懂並記住大家所提出的想法,並整理條列後,在最後讓參與者更能清楚這場的目的及意義,而不是僅有遊戲的表現,也相信我們更能瞭解與實務搭配即使用它。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: 標楷體;">我記憶猶新的是『掌中世界』及『我的四個角色』。活動過程我自認很新鮮、有趣,但活動後我聽完大家的分享,我發現自己雖然活潑喜愛富挑戰的事情,但往往容易忽略別人的感受,體貼別人的處境。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="font-size: large;">然而,在最後的活動上,我的感受是寫出四個角色之後的感觸。我寫了<span lang="EN-US">4</span>個職務(角色)但我心繫女兒的角色卻沒寫出,我把父母的愛視為理所當然。<span lang="EN-US">4</span>個角色中,<span lang="EN-US">2</span>個為工作職務。可見,我這個做女兒的,要多關心媽媽、爸爸、先生、姊姊、哥哥。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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台灣被壓迫者劇場推展中心http://www.blogger.com/profile/10291369655404492262noreply@blogger.com0台灣臺灣23.9036873 121.0793704999999820.180818300000002 115.91579649999998 27.6265563 126.24294449999998tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-683113784628470050.post-7990326575772446142017-10-25T06:29:00.000-07:002017-10-25T06:33:10.971-07:00106年度部落健康營造教育訓練——被壓迫者劇場種籽培訓觀察與心得<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<b style="text-indent: 1cm;"><span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: #274e13;">文:</span><span style="color: #38761d;"> 張含桑 </span></span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; line-height: 150%;"><span style="color: #38761d;">台灣原住民醫學學會</span></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: 標楷體; text-indent: 21.25pt;">透過我的觀察在每堂課時,每個人都認真的在課堂中,表達自己的想法</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; text-indent: 21.25pt;">(</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; text-indent: 21.25pt;">不管是用說、演</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 標楷體; text-indent: 21.25pt;">)</span><span style="font-family: 標楷體; text-indent: 21.25pt;">,我都感受到學員們的真性情,同時在兩天的課程中,我感受到大家的感情更加的親近。</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: large;">三場教育訓練,有兩場我是行政兼學員,一場是純行政人員,每次的感觸都不一樣。</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體;"><span style="font-size: large;">第一場在花蓮慈濟大學,我抱著既期待又害怕受傷害的心參加工作坊,第一天懵懵懂懂,第二天課程才進入狀況。</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: large;">到了第三場作為觀察者的我,比起前兩場感觸多了許多,看到學員們上課的樣子,以及課程活動過程我發現好多。譬如,其實很多的時候自己不是一個人,有問題要說出來夥伴們會一起解決、要盡力改變和突破、試著相信夥伴等等之類的<span lang="EN-US">(</span>太多了<span lang="EN-US">!</span>無法一一列舉<span lang="EN-US">)</span>。學員們是我的鏡子,反映現實生活中的一部份的我,也是我的老師,學到我沒想過的事情或解決方式。</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large; text-indent: 21.25pt;">接觸被壓迫者劇場課程後,我每天在尋找目標</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: large; text-indent: 21.25pt;">(</span><span style="font-size: large; text-indent: 21.25pt;">而目前我還沒有找到目標,心裡很著急和空虛</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: large; text-indent: 21.25pt;">)</span><span style="font-size: large; text-indent: 21.25pt;">去改變、突破它,以及為自己發聲,這些都不是我擅長的,期望自己能改變,使自己的生命被翻轉。</span></div>
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台灣被壓迫者劇場推展中心http://www.blogger.com/profile/10291369655404492262noreply@blogger.com0